马属动物的隐睾切除术：604例病例（1977 - 2010年） - Suppr

Hartman Richard, Hawkins Jan F, Adams Stephen B, Moore George E, Fessler John F

Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.

J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2015 Apr 1;246(7):777-84. doi: 10.2460/javma.246.7.777.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the management of equids undergoing cryptorchidectomy at a referral hospital.

DESIGN

Retrospective case series.

ANIMALS

604 client-owned equids.

PROCEDURES

Medical records of all equids undergoing surgical treatment of cryptorchidism from 1977 to 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Analyses of breed, location of retained testes, accuracy of palpation per rectum for determining the location of retained testes, surgical technique, and postoperative complications were performed.

RESULTS

The most frequently affected breed was the Quarter Horse (282/604 [47%]), which was significantly overrepresented. Of the 604 equids, 90 (15%) had undergone previous surgical attempts at castration. Preoperative palpation per rectum was performed in 395/604 (65.4%) patients, and was accurate in predicting the location of the retained testes in 354/395 (89.6%). Surgeons were significantly more likely to be incorrect in determining the location of the retained testis by means of palpation per rectum in patients that had undergone a prior attempt at castration. For equids with abdominal cryptorchidism (360/604 [59.6%]), the most common surgical technique was noninvasive cryptorchidectomy (298/360 [82.8%]). In unilateral cryptorchids (521/604 [86.3%]), the 2 most common sites were left abdominal (184/521 [35.3%]) and right inguinal (148/521 [28.4%]). For bilateral retention (80/604 [13.2%]), abdominal cryptorchidism was most common (48/80 [60%]). Fever was present in 138/324 (43%) equids on the first day after surgery. Postoperative fever was not significantly associated with any variables evaluated. Including postoperative (≤ 24 hours) fever, 150 of 604 (25%) patients developed postoperative complications. Excluding postoperative fever, 18 of 604 (3%) patients developed major postoperative complications; complications in 10 of 604 patients were deemed surgically related, and 3 of 604 patients died.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated that cryptorchidectomy in equids performed with a variety of surgical approaches was associated with minimal postoperative complications. A history of previous attempts at castration decreased the ability to accurately predict the location of the retained testis.

目的

评估在一家转诊医院接受隐睾切除术的马属动物的治疗情况。

设计

回顾性病例系列研究。

动物

604匹客户拥有的马属动物。

方法

对1977年至2010年期间所有接受隐睾症手术治疗的马属动物的病历进行回顾性分析。分析品种、隐睾的位置、经直肠触诊确定隐睾位置的准确性、手术技术及术后并发症。

结果

受影响最频繁的品种是夸特马（282/604 [47%]），其比例显著过高。604匹马中，90匹（15%）曾接受过阉割手术。395/604（65.4%）的患者进行了术前经直肠触诊，其中354/395（89.6%）能准确预测隐睾位置。在曾接受过阉割手术尝试的患者中，外科医生通过经直肠触诊确定隐睾位置时出错的可能性显著更高。对于腹内隐睾的马属动物（360/604 [59.6%]），最常见的手术技术是非侵入性隐睾切除术（298/360 [82.8%]）。在单侧隐睾的马（521/604 [86.3%]）中，两个最常见的位置是左腹（184/521 [35.3%]）和右腹股沟（148/521 [28.4%]）。对于双侧隐睾（80/604 [13.2%]），腹内隐睾最为常见（48/80 [60%]）。138/324（43%）的马在术后第一天出现发热。术后发热与所评估的任何变量均无显著关联。包括术后（≤24小时）发热在内，604例患者中有150例（25%）出现术后并发症。排除术后发热，604例患者中有18例（3%）出现严重术后并发症；604例患者中有10例的并发症被认为与手术相关，604例患者中有3例死亡。