Ikui Yukiko, Nakamura Haruko, Sano Daisuke, Hyakusoku Hiroshi, Kishida Hitaru, Kudo Yosuke, Joki Hideto, Koyano Shigeru, Yamauchi Akihito, Takano Shingo, Tayama Niro, Hirose Hajime, Oridate Nobuhiko, Tanaka Fumiaki
Department of Biology and Function in the Head and Neck, Yokohama City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
Department of Clinical Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
J Voice. 2015 May;29(3):273-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.08.012. Epub 2015 Mar 17.
The precise comparison of the voice characteristics of Parkinson disease (PD) patients with age-matched normal subjects is still one of the important research projects. The present study aimed at comparing the voice characteristics in sustained phonations of PD patients with an age-matched control group.
The subjects were 30 Japanese PD patients (15 males and 15 females). The control group consisted of 30 age-matched normal Japanese subjects (15 males and 15 females). Each subject was required to phonate into a mouthpiece attached to Vocal Function Analyzer (PS-77E; Nagashima Medical Instrumental Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) with the airway interruption system, and expiratory lung pressure, mean flow rate, fundamental frequency and intensity of voice, and pitch range were measured. Maximum phonation time was also assessed.
The highest pitch level was significantly lower in the PD group than that of the control group in both sexes, whereas the lowest pitch level was significantly higher in the PD group only in males. In both sexes, the pitch range was significantly narrower in the PD group than in the control group. There was no significant difference in intensity, mean flow rate, expiratory pressure, or maximum phonation time between the two groups, for both males and females.
Only remarkable difference in the voice characteristics between PD patients and age-matched normal elderlies was limited to the narrowing of the pitch range in PD patients. The restriction in pitch regulation in PD patients was considered to be because of difficulty in reciprocal control of the laryngeal muscles secondary to latent rigidity.
帕金森病（PD）患者与年龄匹配的正常受试者的嗓音特征精确比较仍是重要的研究项目之一。本研究旨在比较PD患者与年龄匹配的对照组在持续发声时的嗓音特征。
受试者为30名日本PD患者（15名男性和15名女性）。对照组由30名年龄匹配的正常日本受试者（15名男性和15名女性）组成。要求每位受试者对着连接有声带功能分析仪（PS - 77E；日本东京长岛医疗器械公司）的吹嘴发声，该分析仪带有气道中断系统，测量呼气肺压、平均流速、嗓音的基频和强度以及音高范围。还评估了最大发声时间。
在男女两性中，PD组的最高音高显著低于对照组，而仅在男性中，PD组的最低音高显著高于对照组。在男女两性中，PD组的音高范围均显著窄于对照组。两组在强度、平均流速、呼气压力或最大发声时间方面，无论男性还是女性，均无显著差异。
PD患者与年龄匹配的正常老年人之间嗓音特征的显著差异仅局限于PD患者音高范围变窄。PD患者音高调节受限被认为是由于潜在僵硬继发的喉肌相互控制困难所致。
