Kalantar Motamedi Mohammad Hosein, Heydari Misaq, Heydari Milad, Ebrahimi Ali
Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medial Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Researcher, Trauma Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015 Apr;73(4):676-82. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2014.11.015. Epub 2014 Dec 6.
Retrospective studies on the types and causes of facial burns are important because the patterns might vary in different societies. Our aim was to assess the burn-related factors of significance that might be useful in healthcare planning and implementing preventive strategies, adding to the body of current data on the subject.
A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the data from a major burns referral center during a 5-year period (2009 to 2013). The data relevant to age, gender, cause, source, location, burn degree, extent (body surface area [BSA]) of the burns, and mortality were gathered from comprehensive patient medical records, recorded, and analyzed using SPSS, version 20, software (SPSS, Chicago, IL).
Within the study period, we found 808 documented cases of second- and third-degree facial burns. These burns were more common in men (81.9%) and in the 16- to 35-year age group (42.3%). The mean hospitalization was 9.85 ± 8.94 days. In 443 patients (54.83%), 10 to 19% of their BSA was burned, and 3.06% had associated inhalation burns. The most common burn was scalding (19%), and the deadliest was burns from acid, with a mortality rate of 7.4%. Accidents accounted for 776 burns (96.03%). Other causes were attempted homicide (16 cases, 1.98%) and suicide attempts (16 cases, 1.98%). The overall mortality was 1.6%.
The key findings were that second- and third-degree facial burns were more common in males aged 16 to 35 years with burns covering 10 to 19% of the BSA. Accidental scalding was commonly responsible for the second-degree burns, and electrical accidents were commonly responsible for third-degree facial burns. Burn accidents occurred more often at the patient's home.
对面部烧伤的类型和原因进行回顾性研究很重要，因为不同社会的模式可能有所不同。我们的目的是评估可能对医疗保健规划和实施预防策略有用的与烧伤相关的重要因素，以补充该主题的现有数据。
进行了一项回顾性横断面研究，以评估一家主要烧伤转诊中心在5年期间（2009年至2013年）的数据。从综合患者病历中收集与年龄、性别、原因、来源、部位、烧伤程度、烧伤范围（体表面积[BSA]）和死亡率相关的数据，记录并使用SPSS 20版软件（SPSS，伊利诺伊州芝加哥）进行分析。
在研究期间，我们发现了808例有记录的二度和三度面部烧伤病例。这些烧伤在男性中更为常见（81.9%），且在16至35岁年龄组中最为常见（42.3%）。平均住院时间为9.85±8.94天。在443名患者（54.83%）中，其体表面积的10%至19%被烧伤，3.06%伴有吸入性烧伤。最常见的烧伤是烫伤（19%），最致命的是酸烧伤，死亡率为7.4%。事故导致776例烧伤（96.03%）。其他原因包括企图杀人（16例，1.98%）和自杀未遂（16例，1.98%）。总死亡率为1.6%。
主要发现是，二度和三度面部烧伤在16至35岁男性中更为常见，烧伤面积占体表面积的10%至19%。意外烫伤通常是二度烧伤的原因，电气事故通常是三度面部烧伤的原因。烧伤事故在患者家中发生的频率更高。
