Ral GTP酶：胞吐作用和肿瘤发生的关键介质。

Ral GTPases: crucial mediators of exocytosis and tumourigenesis.

作者信息

Shirakawa Ryutaro, Horiuchi Hisanori

机构信息

Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging, and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan

Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging, and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.

出版信息

J Biochem. 2015 May;157(5):285-99. doi: 10.1093/jb/mvv029. Epub 2015 Mar 20.

DOI:10.1093/jb/mvv029

PMID:25796063

Abstract

The Ral guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases), RalA and RalB, are members of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases. Research on Ral GTPases and their functions over the past 25 years has revealed the essential involvement of these GTPases in unique and diverse cellular processes including exocyst-mediated exocytosis and related cellular activities. Moreover, it is increasingly appreciated that the aberrant activation of Ral GTPases is one of the major causes of human tumourigenesis induced by oncogenic Ras. Recent evidence suggests that Ral signalling pathways may be potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of human cancers. This review summarizes recent advance in the investigation of Ral GTPases.

摘要

Ral鸟苷三磷酸酶（GTP酶），即RalA和RalB，是小GTP酶Ras超家族的成员。在过去25年里，对Ral GTP酶及其功能的研究揭示了这些GTP酶在包括外吐体介导的胞吐作用及相关细胞活动在内的独特且多样的细胞过程中起着至关重要的作用。此外，人们越来越认识到Ral GTP酶的异常激活是致癌Ras诱导人类肿瘤发生的主要原因之一。最近的证据表明，Ral信号通路可能是治疗人类癌症的潜在治疗靶点。本综述总结了Ral GTP酶研究的最新进展。