Center for Environmental Sciences and Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
Center for Environmental Sciences and Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
Environ Int. 2015 Sep;82:101-9. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.02.009. Epub 2015 Mar 18.
A critical analysis of Chile's National Air Quality Information System (NAQIS) is presented, focusing on particulate matter (PM) measurement. This paper examines the complexity, availability and reliability of monitoring station information, the implementation of control systems, the quality assurance protocols of the monitoring station data and the reliability of the measurement systems in areas highly polluted by particulate matter. From information available on the NAQIS website, it is possible to confirm that the PM2.5 (PM10) data available on the site correspond to 30.8% (69.2%) of the total information available from the monitoring stations. There is a lack of information regarding the measurement systems used to quantify air pollutants, most of the available data registers contain gaps, almost all of the information is categorized as "preliminary information" and neither standard operating procedures (operational and validation) nor assurance audits or quality control of the measurements are reported. In contrast, events that cause saturation of the monitoring detectors located in northern and southern Chile have been observed using beta attenuation monitoring. In these cases, it can only be concluded that the PM content is equal to or greater than the saturation concentration registered by the monitors and that the air quality indexes obtained from these measurements are underestimated. This occurrence has been observed in 12 (20) public and private stations where PM2.5 (PM10) is measured. The shortcomings of the NAQIS data have important repercussions for the conclusions obtained from the data and for how the data are used. However, these issues represent opportunities for improving the system to widen its use, incorporate comparison protocols between equipment, install new stations and standardize the control system and quality assurance.
对智利国家空气质量信息系统（NAQIS）进行了批判性分析，重点是颗粒物（PM）测量。本文研究了监测站信息的复杂性、可用性和可靠性、控制系统的实施、监测站数据的质量保证协议以及在高度污染的颗粒物区域的测量系统的可靠性。从 NAQIS 网站上提供的信息中，可以确认网站上提供的 PM2.5（PM10）数据对应于监测站提供的总信息的 30.8%（69.2%）。关于用于量化空气污染物的测量系统的信息不足，大多数可用的数据记录器都存在空白，几乎所有信息都被归类为“初步信息”，并且没有报告标准操作程序（操作和验证）或测量的保证审核或质量控制。相比之下，在智利北部和南部观察到了监测探测器饱和的事件，使用β衰减监测进行了监测。在这些情况下，只能得出结论，PM 含量等于或大于监测器记录的饱和浓度，并且从这些测量中获得的空气质量指数被低估。在 12 个（20 个）公共和私人站点中观察到 PM2.5（PM10）的测量结果。NAQIS 数据的缺点对从数据中得出的结论以及对数据的使用方式产生了重要影响。然而，这些问题为改进系统提供了机会，以扩大其使用范围、在设备之间引入比较协议、安装新的监测站以及标准化控制系统和质量保证。
