Gerhards Nina, Matuschek Marco, Wallwey Christiane, Li Shu-Ming
Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Deutschhausstrasse 17A, 35037, Marburg, Germany.
Arch Microbiol. 2015 Jun;197(5):701-13. doi: 10.1007/s00203-015-1105-4. Epub 2015 Mar 22.
Ergot alkaloids are important as mycotoxins or as drugs. Naturally occurring ergot alkaloids as well as their semisynthetic derivatives have been used as pharmaceuticals in modern medicine for decades. We identified 196 putative ergot alkaloid biosynthetic genes belonging to at least 31 putative gene clusters in 31 fungal species by genome mining of the 360 available genome sequences of ascomycetous fungi with known proteins. Detailed analysis showed that these fungi belong to the families Aspergillaceae, Clavicipitaceae, Arthrodermataceae, Helotiaceae and Thermoascaceae. Within the identified families, only a small number of taxa are represented. Literature search revealed a large diversity of ergot alkaloid structures in different fungi of the phylum Ascomycota. However, ergot alkaloid accumulation was only observed in 15 of the sequenced species. Therefore, this study provides genetic basis for further study on ergot alkaloid production in the sequenced strains.
麦角生物碱作为霉菌毒素或药物具有重要意义。天然存在的麦角生物碱及其半合成衍生物在现代医学中作为药物使用已有数十年。通过对360个已知蛋白质的子囊菌真菌可用基因组序列进行基因组挖掘，我们在31种真菌物种中鉴定出196个推定的麦角生物碱生物合成基因，这些基因属于至少31个推定的基因簇。详细分析表明，这些真菌属于曲霉科、麦角菌科、节皮菌科、锤舌菌科和嗜热子囊菌科。在已鉴定的科中，只有少数分类群有代表性。文献检索显示，子囊菌门不同真菌中的麦角生物碱结构具有很大的多样性。然而，仅在15个测序物种中观察到麦角生物碱的积累。因此，本研究为进一步研究测序菌株中麦角生物碱的产生提供了遗传基础。
