Li Xiu-Fen, Liu Li-Min, Qi Xin, Zhang Jin-Xin, Zhao Tong-Bin, Wang Yi, Liu Xue-Fen, Zhou Yong-Bin
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2014 Oct;25(10):2959-67.
By using remote sensing and GIS technology, this paper collected land use information of 1980, 1990, 2000 and 2010 and the relevant statistical data, and analyzed the characteristics of land use change and its driving forces in northwestern Shanxi Province, the typical ecological fragile area. The results showed that there were significant changes in land use patterns in the past 30 years. During 1980-1990, 1990-2000 and 2000-2010 periods, the area of farmland decreased continuously, while the areas of grassland and woodland experienced increase-decrease-increase and decrease-increase-decrease patterns of change, respectively. The areas of industrial and resident lands increased continuously, but the water body and unused land decreased. The farmland was mainly transformed to grassland and woodland, and the areas of industrial and resident lands increased from the farmland. The lost area of water body was transformed to grassland and farmland. The decrease of unused land was due to the implementation of ecological engineering and urban ex-panding. In general, the changes of land use types were significantly higher before 2000 than after 2000. The industrial and resident lands, unused land and grassland changed drastically. The relationships between land use types and driving forces indicated that population pressure and economic development led to the changes of industrial land and farmland; policy of forestry ecological engi- neering drove the changes of woodland and grassland; the drought-characterized climate was the major cause inducing the decrease of water area and hindering the restoration of forest.
本文运用遥感和地理信息系统技术，收集了1980年、1990年、2000年和2010年的土地利用信息及相关统计数据，分析了典型生态脆弱区——晋西北地区土地利用变化特征及其驱动力。结果表明，过去30年土地利用格局发生了显著变化。在1980—1990年、1990—2000年和2000—2010年期间，耕地面积持续减少，而草地和林地面积分别呈现出增加—减少—增加和减少—增加—减少的变化格局。工业用地和居民用地面积持续增加，但水体和未利用地面积减少。耕地主要转变为草地和林地，工业用地和居民用地面积由耕地转变而来。水体流失面积转变为草地和耕地。未利用地面积减少是由于生态工程的实施和城市扩张。总体而言，2000年之前土地利用类型变化显著高于2000年之后。工业用地、居民用地、未利用地和草地变化剧烈。土地利用类型与驱动力之间的关系表明，人口压力和经济发展导致了工业用地和耕地的变化；林业生态工程政策推动了林地和草地的变化；以干旱为特征的气候是导致水域面积减少和阻碍森林恢复的主要原因。
