Fu Jian-Xin, Cao Guang-Chao, Guo Wen-Jiong
Institute of Urban and Regional Development, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi, China.
Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2020 Aug;31(8):2699-2709. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202008.017.
Qilian Mountains is the boundary of the first and second steps of China's terrain, with fragile ecological environment. There is great ecological significance to study land use change and driving force in transitional areas. In this study, we investigated the spatial and temporal characte-ristic of land use and its driving force in the south slope of Qilian Mountains, based on RS image data from 1980 to 2018, with the spatial autocorrelation method, ArcGIS spatial analysis method and principal component analysis. The results showed that, from 1980 to 2018, grassland was the main land use type, and the proportion of construction land was the smallest. Water area and grassland showed a declining trend, while unused land, construction land and farmland showed an increasing trend. There was smaller change for the woodland. The single dynamic degree of different land types decreased following an order of construction land, water, farmland, unused land, woodland and grassland. The comprehensive dynamic degree of land use was 0.9%. The spatial distribution of different land use types showed the characteristics of spatial agglomeration. The increased areas of farmland and the decreased areas of woodland and grassland were mainly distributed in the northwest of the Datong River valley of Menyuan County, while in the upper reaches of Datong River in the northeast of Tianjun County, grassland was occupied by construction land. The driving force of land use was population, science and technology, urbanization, level of economic development, and policies. Our results would support the government to reasonably plan and utilize land resources, which is of significance to the protection of ecological environment and the sustainable development of society and economy on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains.
祁连山是中国地形一二阶梯的分界线，生态环境脆弱。研究过渡区土地利用变化及其驱动力具有重要的生态意义。本研究基于1980年至2018年的遥感影像数据，运用空间自相关方法、ArcGIS空间分析方法和主成分分析法，对祁连山南坡土地利用及其驱动力的时空特征进行了研究。结果表明，1980年至2018年，草地是主要土地利用类型，建设用地占比最小。水域和草地呈下降趋势，未利用地、建设用地和耕地呈上升趋势。林地变化较小。不同土地类型的单一动态度由大到小依次为建设用地、水域、耕地、未利用地、林地、草地。土地利用综合动态度为0.9%。不同土地利用类型的空间分布呈现出空间集聚特征。耕地增加区和林地、草地减少区主要分布在门源县大通河谷地西北部，而在天峻县东北部大通河上游，草地被建设用地占用。土地利用的驱动力有人口、科技、城镇化、经济发展水平和政策等。研究结果可为政府合理规划和利用土地资源提供支持，对祁连山南坡生态环境保护及社会经济可持续发展具有重要意义。
