Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Tokyo, Japan ; Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.
Department of Psychology, Otemon-Gakuin University Ibaraki, Japan.
Front Neurosci. 2015 Mar 6;9:62. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00062. eCollection 2015.
People have a fundamental need to belong with others. Social exclusion impairs this need and has various effects on cognition, affect, and the behavior of excluded individuals. We have previously reported that activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (rVLPFC) could be a neurocognitive index of social exclusion (Kawamoto et al., 2012). In this article, we provide an integrative framework for understanding occurrences during and after social exclusion, by reviewing neuroimaging, electrophysiological, and behavioral studies of dACC and rVLPFC, within the framework of intrapersonal and interpersonal processes of social exclusion. As a result, we have indicated directions for future studies to further clarify the phenomenon of social exclusion from the following perspectives: (1) constructional elements of social exclusion, (2) detection sensitivity and interpretation bias in social exclusion, (3) development of new methods to assess the reactivity to social exclusion, and (4) sources of social exclusion.
人们与他人建立联系有着基本的需求。社会排斥会损害这种需求，并对被排斥者的认知、情感和行为产生各种影响。我们之前曾报道过，背侧前扣带皮层(dACC)和右侧腹外侧前额叶皮层(rVLPFC)的活动可能是社会排斥的神经认知指标(Kawamoto 等人，2012)。在本文中，我们通过回顾 dACC 和 rVLPFC 的神经影像学、电生理学和行为研究，在社会排斥的个体内和人际过程框架内，提供了一个理解社会排斥过程中和之后发生的事情的综合框架。因此，我们指出了未来研究的方向，以便从以下几个方面进一步阐明社会排斥现象：(1)社会排斥的构成要素，(2)社会排斥中的检测敏感性和解释偏差，(3)开发评估对社会排斥反应性的新方法，以及(4)社会排斥的来源。
