Department of Psychology and the Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University Ramat Gan, Israel.
Department of Communication Disorders, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv, Israel.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2014 Mar 18;8:147. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00147. eCollection 2014.
Social Anxiety (SA) has been shown to be associated with compensatory deficits in pro-social behavior following exclusion and with failure to capitalize on social success. We assessed the subjective and expressive responses of high (n = 48) and low (n = 56) socially anxious individuals to exclusion, acceptance, and popularity induced by a participation in an online ball-tossing game. Before the manipulation, participants read aloud neutral and command utterances. Following the manipulation, participants rated their mood and cognitions and re-read the utterances. Acoustic properties (fundamental frequency-mF0, vocal intensity) of these utterances were analyzed. We found greater differences in self-esteem between high and low socially anxious individuals following the exclusion condition, as compared to the acceptance condition. Among low socially anxious individuals, exclusion promoted increased vocal confidence, as indicated by decreased mF0 and increased vocal intensity in uttering commands; High socially anxious individuals exhibited an opposite reaction, responding to exclusion by decreased vocal confidence. Following popularity, high SA was associated with decreased enhancement in mood and self-esteem in women but not in men. Consistent with evolutionary and interpersonal accounts of SA, we highlight the importance of examining the effects of SA and gender on events indicating unambiguous and unanimous social acceptance. Examining reactivity to changes in belongingness may have important implications for understanding the core mechanisms of SA.
社交焦虑（SA）与被排斥后的亲社会行为补偿缺陷以及未能利用社交成功有关。我们评估了高（n=48）和低（n=56）社交焦虑个体对排斥、接受和因参与在线抛球游戏而产生的受欢迎程度的主观和表达反应。在操纵之前，参与者大声朗读中性和命令语句。在操纵之后，参与者对自己的情绪和认知进行评分，并重新阅读这些语句。分析了这些语句的声学特性（基频-mF0、声音强度）。我们发现，与接受条件相比，在排斥条件下，高社交焦虑个体的自尊差异更大。在低社交焦虑个体中，排斥会促进声音信心的增强，表现为在发出命令时 mF0 降低和声音强度增加；高社交焦虑个体则表现出相反的反应，对排斥的反应是声音信心降低。在受欢迎之后，高 SA 与女性而非男性的情绪和自尊增强减少有关。与 SA 的进化和人际解释一致，我们强调了检查 SA 和性别对表明明确和一致的社会接受的事件的影响的重要性。检查归属感变化的反应可能对理解 SA 的核心机制具有重要意义。
