Raymond H F, Jin H, Scheer S, Ick Theresa O, McFarland W
San Francisco Department of Public Health, 25 Van Ness, Suite 500, San Francisco, CA, 94102, USA.
AIDS Behav. 2015 Dec;19(12):2317-24. doi: 10.1007/s10461-015-1047-5.
Nationally heterosexuals are an HIV prevention priority. In addition to case based HIV surveillance, behavioral surveillance surveys are conducted among heterosexuals living in high AIDS morbidity neighborhoods. We report on risk behaviors and HIV prevalence among "high-risk" heterosexuals in San Francisco. National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System is coordinated by the CDC and implemented in 21 health jurisdictions. The studies were conducted in 2006, 2010 and 2013 in San Francisco. Respondent driven sampling was used to sample participants. Eligible persons were 18-50 years old and had sex with at least one opposite gender partner in the past year. We obtained samples of 371, 421, 165 heterosexuals in 2007, 2010 and 2013, respectively. Some demographics varied across the 3 years. Residential neighborhoods changed, homelessness and healthcare coverage increased. Binge drinking, cocaine and heroin use increased while methamphetamine use declined. There were no changes in numbers of partners, unprotected vaginal intercourse or unprotected anal intercourse. Commercial sex work increased. Even with "fine tuning" of eligibility criteria to attempt to find heterosexual HIV cases, we estimate that HIV prevalence was 0.3, 0.2 and 2.4 % in 2007, 2010 and 2013 respectively. The increase was not statistically significant. For the present, effective prevention among persons in the populations most severely affected by HIV remains the priority, for their own benefit and to prevent transmission to other vulnerable populations to which they may be connected.
在全国范围内，异性恋者是预防艾滋病毒的重点人群。除了基于病例的艾滋病毒监测外，还对居住在艾滋病高发病社区的异性恋者进行行为监测调查。我们报告了旧金山“高危”异性恋者的危险行为和艾滋病毒感染率。国家艾滋病毒行为监测系统由疾病控制与预防中心协调，并在21个卫生辖区实施。这些研究于2006年、2010年和2013年在旧金山进行。采用应答者驱动抽样方法对参与者进行抽样。符合条件的人员年龄在18至50岁之间，且在过去一年中与至少一名异性伴侣发生过性行为。我们分别在2007年、2010年和2013年获得了371名、421名和165名异性恋者的样本。在这三年中，一些人口统计学特征有所变化。居住社区发生了变化，无家可归者和医疗保健覆盖率有所增加。酗酒、可卡因和海洛因的使用增加，而甲基苯丙胺的使用减少。性伴侣数量、无保护阴道性交或无保护肛交没有变化。商业性工作有所增加。即使对资格标准进行了“微调”以试图发现异性恋艾滋病毒病例，我们估计2007年、2010年和2013年的艾滋病毒感染率分别为0.3%、0.2%和2.4%。这种增加没有统计学意义。目前，对受艾滋病毒影响最严重人群进行有效预防仍然是首要任务，这既是为了他们自身的利益，也是为了防止病毒传播给他们可能接触的其他脆弱人群。
