[Current status on the pathogenesis of progressive myopia].

In the article shown is the modern diagnostic method of progressive myopia pathogenesis. Establishment of possible myopia progress using the ultrasonographic biometry while looking into and into and down contact equator at one and the same point. The research goal is to study the residual deformative changes developed as a result of sclera distraction during reading. We have researched 150 patients. The patients were split in three groups according to the age and myopia type: I group included patients of the age of 5-12 years; the II group had patients of the age of 13-19 years; III group - patients above the 19 years. The used age differentiation is based on the eye anatomic growth criteria. The research was held by the following scheme: all the researches patients underwent the preliminary anesthesia drops instillation; the ultrasonographic biometry catheter was put using one and the same equator point. In the first position they established the front and back axis size, in the second one - the eye size was established in the medial look regime; in the third position - the eye size was established in the reading regime. The data obtained are as follows: among the first group patients, aged from 5 to 12 years, in reading regime the eye size was increased in 93% cases; among the second group patients, aged from 13 to 19 years, in reading regime the eye size was increased in 90% cases; among the third group patients, aged above 19 years - 91% cases. The reason why the sclera capsule distraction during reading regime is that of the extraocular muscles and growth of the intraocular pressure influence the process. Because the sclera is fibrotic membrane, it is characterized with well-marked elasticity, stronger accommodation and the sigh load in the near distance causes sclera capsule distraction. After the contraction the residual deformation stays there. Accumulation of such residual deformations causes the sclera weakness and formation of myopia as a disease. According to the data obtained, it is necessary to work out the certain recommendations, from the sclera nutrition and other medical preparations standpoint. Improvement of the sclera nutrition will slacken the residual changes in sclera, and this will significantly decrease the myopic disease advancing.