Thoma Rahere, Chandler John William
a Institute of Developmental Biology; Cologne Biocenter ; University of Cologne; Cologne , Germany.
Plant Signal Behav. 2015;10(4):e992733. doi: 10.4161/15592324.2014.992733.
The diversity of angiosperm flowers depends on organ meristy and position. However, the signaling pathways that establish polarity and positional information remain largely unelucidated. Use of the founder-cell marker DORNRÖSCHEN-LIKE (DRNL) in Arabidopsis has recently highlighted the importance of the abaxial-adaxial axis for early floral development. We have extended the use of DRNL::GFP to further characterize floral organogenesis in genotypes that are altered in floral organ meristy or position, including ettin (ett-3) and blade-on-petiole (bop)1-11 bop2-4 double mutants. The creation of supernumery sepals by the splitting of sepal founder-cell populations along an ab-/adaxial axis strengthens the importance of the ab-/adaxial developmental axis in early floral meristem development. Furthermore, we confirm the dependency of the wildtype sequence of sepal initiation on bract suppression and demonstrate that supernumery stamens derive from the imprecise resolution of a ring of DRNL expression. Expression of DRNL in apetala1 (ap1-1) and ap2-8 mutants reflect the altered whorl structure and show that these homeotic genes function upstream of DRNL. Analyzing the dynamism of early floral meristem ontogeny at a fine temporal and spatial resolution in Arabidopsis can reveal mechanisms of organogenesis and is applicable to other species with differing floral body plans in a comparative evolutionary context.
被子植物花的多样性取决于器官轮数和位置。然而,建立极性和位置信息的信号通路在很大程度上仍未阐明。最近在拟南芥中使用原基细胞标记物类多蕊花基因(DORNRÖSCHEN-LIKE,DRNL)突出了近轴-远轴轴在早期花发育中的重要性。我们扩展了DRNL::GFP的应用,以进一步表征花器官轮数或位置发生改变的基因型中的花器官发生,包括埃廷基因(ett-3)和叶柄上叶片(bop)1-11 bop2-4双突变体。沿着近轴/远轴轴分裂萼片原基细胞群体产生额外的萼片,这强化了近轴/远轴发育轴在早期花分生组织发育中的重要性。此外,我们证实萼片起始的野生型序列依赖于苞片抑制,并证明额外的雄蕊源自DRNL表达环的不精确解析。DRNL在花被片1(ap1-1)和花被片2(ap2-8)突变体中的表达反映了轮状结构的改变,并表明这些同源异型基因在DRNL的上游起作用。以精细的时间和空间分辨率分析拟南芥早期花分生组织个体发育的动态过程,可以揭示器官发生的机制,并且在比较进化背景下适用于具有不同花体结构的其他物种。