Wagner Claas, Esbensen Kim H
J AOAC Int. 2015 Mar-Apr;98(2):275-81. doi: 10.5740/jaoacint.14-236.
Food and feed materials characterization, risk assessment, and safety evaluations can only be ensured if QC measures are based on valid analytical data, stemming from representative samples. The Theory of Sampling (TOS) is the only comprehensive theoretical framework that fully defines all requirements to ensure sampling correctness and representativity, and to provide the guiding principles for sampling in practice. TOS also defines the concept of material heterogeneity and its impact on the sampling process, including the effects from all potential sampling errors. TOS's primary task is to eliminate bias-generating errors and to minimize sampling variability. Quantitative measures are provided to characterize material heterogeneity, on which an optimal sampling strategy should be based. Four critical success factors preceding analysis to ensure a representative sampling process are presented here.
只有当质量控制措施基于源自代表性样本的有效分析数据时，食品和饲料原料的特性描述、风险评估及安全性评估才能得到保证。抽样理论（TOS）是唯一全面的理论框架，它完整地定义了确保抽样正确性和代表性的所有要求，并为实际抽样提供指导原则。TOS还定义了物料不均匀性的概念及其对抽样过程的影响，包括所有潜在抽样误差的影响。TOS的主要任务是消除产生偏差的误差并将抽样变异性降至最低。提供了定量措施来表征物料不均匀性，最佳抽样策略应基于此。本文介绍了分析前确保代表性抽样过程的四个关键成功因素。
