传粉者在维持落基山耧斗菜（Aquilegia coerulea）花色变异方面的作用。
The role of pollinators in maintaining variation in flower colour in the Rocky Mountain columbine, Aquilegia coerulea.
作者信息
Thairu Margaret W, Brunet Johanne
机构信息
Department of Entomology, 1630 Linden Drive, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA and USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Vegetable Crop Research Unit, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Department of Entomology, 1630 Linden Drive, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA and USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Vegetable Crop Research Unit, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA Department of Entomology, 1630 Linden Drive, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA and USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Vegetable Crop Research Unit, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
出版信息
Ann Bot. 2015 May;115(6):971-9. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcv028. Epub 2015 Mar 25.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Flower colour varies within and among populations of the Rocky Mountain columbine, Aquilegia coerulea, in conjunction with the abundance of its two major pollinators, hawkmoths and bumble-bees. This study seeks to understand whether the choice of flower colour by these major pollinators can help explain the variation in flower colour observed in A. coerulea populations.
METHODS
Dual choice assays and experimental arrays of blue and white flowers were used to determine the preference of hawkmoths and bumble-bees for flower colour. A test was made to determine whether a differential preference for flower colour, with bumble-bees preferring blue and hawkmoths white flowers, could explain the variation in flower colour. Whether a single pollinator could maintain a flower colour polymorphism was examined by testing to see if preference for a flower colour varied between day and dusk for hawkmoths and whether bumble-bees preferred novel or rare flower colour morphs.
KEY RESULTS
Hawkmoths preferred blue flowers under both day and dusk light conditions. Naïve bumble-bees preferred blue flowers but quickly learned to forage randomly on the two colour morphs when similar rewards were presented in the flowers. Bees quickly learned to associate a flower colour with a pollen reward. Prior experience affected the choice of flower colour by bees, but they did not preferentially visit novel flower colours or rare or common colour morphs.
CONCLUSIONS
Differences in flower colour preference between the two major pollinators could not explain the variation in flower colour observed in A. coerulea. The preference of hawkmoths for flower colour did not change between day and dusk, and bumble-bees did not prefer a novel or a rare flower colour morph. The data therefore suggest that factors other than pollinators may be more likely to affect the flower colour variation observed in A. coerulea.
背景与目的
落基山耧斗菜（Aquilegia coerulea）种群内部及种群之间的花色存在差异，这与它的两种主要传粉者——天蛾和熊蜂的数量有关。本研究旨在了解这些主要传粉者对花色的选择是否有助于解释在落基山耧斗菜种群中观察到的花色变化。
方法
采用双色选择试验以及蓝色和白色花朵的实验阵列来确定天蛾和熊蜂对花色的偏好。进行了一项测试，以确定花色偏好差异（熊蜂更喜欢蓝色，天蛾更喜欢白色花朵）是否可以解释花色变化。通过测试天蛾对花色的偏好是否在白天和黄昏之间有所不同，以及熊蜂是否更喜欢新奇或稀有的花色形态，来检验单一传粉者是否能够维持花色多态性。
主要结果
在白天和黄昏光照条件下，天蛾都更喜欢蓝色花朵。未接触过的熊蜂更喜欢蓝色花朵，但当花朵中提供相似的奖励时，它们很快学会在两种花色形态上随机觅食。蜜蜂很快学会将花色与花粉奖励联系起来。先前的经验影响了蜜蜂对花色的选择，但它们并没有优先访问新奇的花色或稀有的或常见的花色形态。
结论
两种主要传粉者之间花色偏好的差异无法解释在落基山耧斗菜中观察到的花色变化。天蛾对花色的偏好在白天和黄昏之间没有变化，熊蜂也不偏好新奇或稀有的花色形态。因此，数据表明传粉者以外的因素可能更有可能影响在落基山耧斗菜中观察到的花色变化。
Zotero 插件