Vassallo G, Mirijello A, Ferrulli A, Antonelli M, Landolfi R, Gasbarrini A, Addolorato G
Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2015 May;41(10):917-27. doi: 10.1111/apt.13164. Epub 2015 Mar 23.
Alcohol abuse represents the most common cause of liver disease in the Western countries. Pre-clinical and clinical studies showed that alcohol consumption affects amount and composition of gut microbiota. Moreover, gut flora plays an important role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver injury.
To review the relationship between alcohol administration and changes on gut microbiota, its involvement in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease, and how gut microbiota modulation could be a target for the treatment of alcoholic liver disease.
Articles were identified using the PubMed database with the search terms 'Alcohol', 'Gut Microbiota', 'Alcoholic liver disease', 'Probiotic', 'Prebiotic', 'Symbiotic' and 'Antibiotic'. English-language articles were screened for relevance. Full review of publications for the relevant studies was conducted, including additional publications that were identified from individual article reference lists.
Alcohol abuse induces changes in the composition of gut microbiota, although the exact mechanism for this alteration is not well known. The translocation of bacterial products into the portal blood appears to play a key role in alcohol-induced liver damage. Several studies show that the modulation of gut microbiota seem to be a promising strategy to reduce alcohol-induced liver injury.
Further studies are needed to better understand the relationship between alcohol administration and changes in gut microbiota, and its involvement in alcoholic liver disease. Moreover larger studies are needed to confirm the preliminary results on the therapeutic effects of gut microbiota modulation.
在西方国家，酒精滥用是肝病最常见的病因。临床前和临床研究表明，饮酒会影响肠道微生物群的数量和组成。此外，肠道菌群在酒精性肝损伤的发病机制中起重要作用。
综述饮酒与肠道微生物群变化之间的关系、其在酒精性肝病发病机制中的作用，以及肠道微生物群调节如何成为酒精性肝病治疗的靶点。
使用PubMed数据库，以“酒精”“肠道微生物群”“酒精性肝病”“益生菌”“益生元”“共生体”和“抗生素”为检索词来识别文章。筛选英文文章的相关性。对相关研究的出版物进行全面综述，包括从个别文章参考文献列表中识别出的其他出版物。
酒精滥用会导致肠道微生物群组成发生变化，尽管这种改变的确切机制尚不清楚。细菌产物向门静脉血中的易位似乎在酒精性肝损伤中起关键作用。几项研究表明，调节肠道微生物群似乎是减轻酒精性肝损伤的一种有前景的策略。
需要进一步研究以更好地理解饮酒与肠道微生物群变化之间的关系，及其在酒精性肝病中的作用。此外，需要更大规模的研究来证实肠道微生物群调节治疗效果的初步结果。
