Mehta Atul C, Thaniyavarn Tany, Ghobrial Michael, Khemasuwan Danai
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
Chest. 2015 Jul;148(1):274-287. doi: 10.1378/chest.14-1788.
The knowledge of airway anatomy is the most fundamental requirement of every bronchoscopist. There are numerous and frequent anatomic variations of the central airways making the examination unique for every individual. It is imperative for every bronchoscopist to be fully cognizant of the common congenital anomalies involving the central airways. Proper identification and reporting of these findings are a matter of the utmost importance, especially when surgical options in a patient with lung cancer or lung transplantation is under consideration. This article focuses on the congenital anomalies of central airway encountered among adults. Each of these anatomic variations has a characteristic appearance, yet requires bronchoscopic acumen for their identification. This review provides a comprehensive description of these anomalies and highlights their clinical implications.
气道解剖学知识是每位支气管镜检查医师最基本的要求。中央气道存在众多且常见的解剖变异，这使得对每个人的检查都具有独特性。每位支气管镜检查医师必须充分了解涉及中央气道的常见先天性异常。正确识别和报告这些发现至关重要，尤其是在考虑肺癌患者的手术选择或肺移植时。本文重点关注成人中遇到的中央气道先天性异常。这些解剖变异中的每一种都有其特征性表现，但需要支气管镜检查的敏锐洞察力来识别它们。本综述对这些异常进行了全面描述，并强调了它们的临床意义。
