Fahmy N R, Soter N A
Anesthesiology. 1985 May;62(5):562-6. doi: 10.1097/00000542-198505000-00003.
Because of lack of direct evidence of histamine release by trimethaphan, the authors determined serum histamine levels and hemodynamic responses to trimethaphan administration in 19 consecutive patients. Group 1 patients (n = 7) received a single intravenous injection of trimethaphan, 0.5 mg X kg-1, while awake and again during stable halothane-nitrous oxide anesthesia. Group 2 patients (n = 6) were pretreated with intravenous H1 (chlorpheniramine, 0.1 mg X kg-1) and H2 (cimetidine, 4 mg X kg-1) receptor antagonists administered 15 min before trimethaphan, 0.5 mg X kg-1, in the awake and anesthetized states. In Group 3 (n = 6), the effects of infusion of trimethaphan, 3 mg X min-1 for 15 min, were studied during halothane-nitrous oxide anesthesia. In Group 1, bolus doses of trimethaphan were associated with maximal increases in serum histamine from 0.56 +/- 0.14 to 2.56 +/- 0.35 ng X ml-1 (P less than 0.01) and from 0.60 +/- 0.11 to 2.58 +/- 0.33 ng X ml-1 (P less than 0.01) 2 min after drug administration in the awake and anesthetized states, respectively; there were also clinical manifestations of histamine release. Mean arterial pressure decreased maximally after 5 min in the awake (from 92.0 +/- 3.4 to 69.9 +/- 2.2 mmHg; P less than 0.01) and anesthetized (from 82.6 +/- 3.7 to 57.3 +/- 2.5 mmHg; P less than 0.01) states, and was associated with increases in cardiac output and heart rate; stroke volume increased in the awake state only.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
由于缺乏三甲噻方释放组胺的直接证据，作者测定了19例连续患者血清组胺水平以及对给予三甲噻方后的血流动力学反应。第1组患者（n = 7）在清醒状态下单次静脉注射三甲噻方，剂量为0.5 mg·kg⁻¹，在氟烷 - 氧化亚氮稳定麻醉期间再次注射。第2组患者（n = 6）在清醒和麻醉状态下，于注射三甲噻方（0.5 mg·kg⁻¹）前15分钟静脉注射H1（氯苯那敏，0.1 mg·kg⁻¹）和H2（西咪替丁，4 mg·kg⁻¹）受体拮抗剂进行预处理。在第3组（n = 6）中，研究了在氟烷 - 氧化亚氮麻醉期间输注三甲噻方（3 mg·min⁻¹，持续15分钟）的效果。在第1组中，单次推注三甲噻方分别在清醒和麻醉状态下给药后2分钟，血清组胺从0.56±0.14 ng·ml⁻¹最大增加至2.56±0.35 ng·ml⁻¹（P<0.01）以及从0.60±0.11 ng·ml⁻¹最大增加至2.58±0.33 ng·ml⁻¹（P<0.
