癌症恶病质、最新进展及未来方向。

Penet Marie-France, Bhujwalla Zaver M

From the *Johns Hopkins University ICMIC Program, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, and †Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.

Cancer J. 2015 Mar-Apr;21(2):117-22. doi: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000100.

Cancer cachexia is defined as a multifactorial syndrome characterized by an ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass with or without loss of fat mass. The syndrome cannot be fully reversed by conventional nutritional support, and despite an increased number of studies related to cancer cachexia, the underlying mechanisms are still poorly defined, and therapeutic options are limited. This review focuses on recent studies investigating mechanisms and pathways in cancer cachexia. The role of molecular and functional imaging in identifying cachexia at an earlier stage, in identifying potential metabolic targets and pathways, and in assessing treatment efficacy is also reviewed.

癌症恶病质被定义为一种多因素综合征，其特征是骨骼肌质量持续减少，伴有或不伴有脂肪质量减少。传统营养支持无法完全逆转该综合征，尽管与癌症恶病质相关的研究数量不断增加，但其潜在机制仍不清楚，治疗选择也有限。本综述重点关注近期研究癌症恶病质机制和途径的研究。还综述了分子和功能成像在早期识别恶病质、识别潜在代谢靶点和途径以及评估治疗效果方面的作用。