Claeson Björn Skorpen
New Solut. 2015 Feb;24(4):495-509. doi: 10.2190/NS.24.4.e.
Under the regime of private company or multi-stakeholder voluntary codes of conduct and industry social auditing, workers have absorbed low wages and unsafe and abusive conditions; labor leaders and union members have become the targets of both government and factory harassment and violence; and trade union power has waned. Nowhere have these private systems of codes and audits so clearly failed to protect workers as in Bangladesh's apparel industry. However, international labor groups and Bangladeshi unions have succeeded in mounting a challenge to voluntarism in the global economy, persuading more than 180 companies to make a binding and enforceable commitment to workers' safety in an agreement with 12 unions. The extent to which this Bangladesh Accord will be able to influence the entrenched global regime of voluntary codes and weak trade unions remains an open question. But if the Accord can make progress in Bangladesh, it can help to inspire similar efforts in other countries and in other industries.
在私营公司或多方利益相关者自愿行为准则以及行业社会审计制度下，工人承受着低工资、不安全及虐待性的工作条件；劳工领袖和工会成员成为政府和工厂骚扰及暴力的目标；工会的力量也已减弱。在任何地方，这些私营的准则和审计体系在保护工人方面都没有像在孟加拉国服装业那样明显地失败。然而，国际劳工组织和孟加拉国工会成功地对全球经济中的自愿主义发起了挑战，说服了180多家公司在与12个工会达成的协议中对工人安全做出具有约束力且可执行的承诺。这份《孟加拉国协议》能够在多大程度上影响根深蒂固的全球自愿准则制度以及软弱的工会，仍是一个悬而未决的问题。但如果该协议能在孟加拉国取得进展，它将有助于激发其他国家和其他行业开展类似的努力。
