Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.
Nat Commun. 2015 Mar 30;6:6697. doi: 10.1038/ncomms7697.
Many diverse studies have shown that a mechanical displacement of the axonal membrane accompanies the electrical pulse defining the action potential (AP). We present a model for these mechanical displacements as arising from the driving of surface wave modes in which potential energy is stored in elastic properties of the neuronal membrane and cytoskeleton while kinetic energy is carried by the axoplasmic fluid. In our model, these surface waves are driven by the travelling wave of electrical depolarization characterizing the AP, altering compressive electrostatic forces across the membrane. This driving leads to co-propagating mechanical displacements, which we term Action Waves (AWs). Our model allows us to estimate the shape of the AW that accompanies any travelling wave of voltage, making predictions that are in agreement with results from several experimental systems. Our model can serve as a framework for understanding the physical origins and possible functional roles of these AWs.
许多不同的研究表明，在定义动作电位 (AP) 的电脉冲伴随轴突膜的机械位移。我们提出了一个模型，认为这些机械位移是由表面波模式的驱动引起的，其中势能储存在神经元膜和细胞骨架的弹性特性中，而动能则由轴浆流体携带。在我们的模型中，这些表面波是由 AP 特征的电去极化传播波驱动的，改变了跨膜的压缩静电作用力。这种驱动导致机械位移的共同传播，我们称之为动作波 (AW)。我们的模型允许我们估计伴随任何电压传播波的 AW 的形状，从而做出与几个实验系统的结果一致的预测。我们的模型可以作为理解这些 AW 的物理起源和可能功能作用的框架。
