提前退休前后私人保险变化对身心健康的影响
The Mental and Physical Health Consequences of Changes in Private Insurance Before and After Early Retirement.
作者信息
Kail Ben Lennox
机构信息
Department of Sociology, Georgia State University, Atlanta.
出版信息
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2016 Mar;71(2):358-68. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbv020. Epub 2015 Mar 28.
OBJECTIVES
This study evaluated the impact of private insurance coverage on the symptoms of depression, activities of daily living (ADLs), and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) in the years leading up to Medicare eligibility focusing on the transition from full-time work to early full retirement.
METHOD
The Health and Retirement Study was used to (a) estimate 2-stage selection equations of (i) the transition to retirement and (ii) current insurance status, and (b) the impact of insurance coverage on health, net of endogeneity associated retirement and insurance coverage.
RESULTS
Employment-based insurance coverage was generally associated with better health. Moreover, being without employment-based insurance was particularly problematic during the transition to retirement. Non-group insurance only moderated the association between losing employment-based insurance and IADLs.
DISCUSSION
Results indicated that private insurance coverage is an important contextual factor for the health of early retirees. Those who maintain steady coverage tend to fare the best in retirement. This highlights the dynamic nature of changes in health in later life.
目的
本研究评估了在符合医疗保险资格之前的几年里，私人保险覆盖范围对抑郁症状、日常生活活动（ADL）以及工具性日常生活活动（IADL）的影响，重点关注从全职工作到提前完全退休的转变。
方法
使用健康与退休研究来（a）估计（i）退休转变和（ii）当前保险状况的两阶段选择方程，以及（b）保险覆盖范围对健康的影响，排除与退休和保险覆盖范围相关的内生性因素。
结果
基于就业的保险覆盖范围通常与更好的健康状况相关。此外，在向退休过渡期间，没有基于就业的保险尤其成问题。非团体保险仅缓和了失去基于就业的保险与工具性日常生活活动之间的关联。
讨论
结果表明，私人保险覆盖范围是影响提前退休人员健康的一个重要背景因素。那些保持稳定保险覆盖的人在退休后往往状况最佳。这凸显了晚年健康变化的动态性质。
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