Lillard Angeline S, Drell Marissa B, Richey Eve M, Boguszewski Katherine, Smith Eric D
Department of Psychology, University of Virginia.
Dev Psychol. 2015 Jun;51(6):792-805. doi: 10.1037/a0039097. Epub 2015 Mar 30.
Three studies examined the short-term impact of television (TV) on children's executive function (EF). Study 1 (N = 160) showed that 4- and 6-year-olds' EF is impaired after watching 2 different fast and fantastical shows, relative to that of children who watched a slow, realistic show or played. In Study 2 (N = 60), 4-year-olds' EF was as depleted after watching a fast and fantastical educational show as it was after a fast and fantastical entertainment 1, relative to that of children who read a book based on the educational show. Study 3 (N = 80) examined whether show pacing or fantasy was more influential, and found that only fantastical shows, regardless of their pacing, disrupted 4-year-olds' EF. Taken together, these studies show that 10-20 min watching televised fantastical events, relative to other experiences, results in lower EF in young children.
三项研究考察了电视对儿童执行功能（EF）的短期影响。研究1（N = 160）表明，4岁和6岁儿童在观看两部不同的节奏快且充满奇幻色彩的节目后，其执行功能相对于观看节奏慢的写实节目或玩耍的儿童有所受损。在研究2（N = 60）中，相对于阅读基于该教育节目的书籍的儿童，4岁儿童在观看节奏快且充满奇幻色彩的教育节目后，其执行功能的损耗程度与观看节奏快且充满奇幻色彩的娱乐节目1后相同。研究3（N = 80）考察了节目节奏或奇幻元素哪个更具影响力，发现只有奇幻节目，无论其节奏如何，都会干扰4岁儿童的执行功能。综合来看，这些研究表明，相对于其他体验，观看10 - 20分钟的电视奇幻节目会导致幼儿的执行功能降低。
