Pons A L, Landi V, Martinez A, Delgado J V
Servei de Millora Agrària Societat Anònima Unipersonal, Son Ferriol, Mallorca, Spain.
J Anim Breed Genet. 2015 Jun;132(3):268-76. doi: 10.1111/jbg.12129. Epub 2015 Mar 30.
The Balearic sheep breeds, Mallorquina, Menorquina, Roja Mallorquina, Ibicenca and one possible new genetic group, Formentera, constitute a unique genetic resource in the Mediterranean farming landscape, displaying high genetic diversity levels and being well differentiated among themselves and with respect to the continental sheep breeds. We used a microsatellite panel of markers to study genetic diversity and relationships with other Spanish breeds. The results reported in this study have important implications for the use, conservation and breeding of Balearic sheep stocks. A mean number of 7.59 alleles was found among the Balearic sheep breeds for the microsatellites scored. The whole mean value of observed heterozygosity amounted to 0.62, whereas the expected heterozygosity value was 0.69, suggesting the presence of a great degree of genetic variability, although a significant deficit of heterozygotes was detected for some markers. Genetic distance estimates showed that Balearic sheep are differentiated from the other Spanish breeds and in particular, from the Merino type. The Ibicenca breed showed the highest distance value from other breeds. The neighbour-net method of analysis clustered the Roja Mallorquina, Menorquina and Mallorquina breeds. The Structure results clearly demonstrated the genetic differentiation among the four Balearic sheep breeds, with the Ibicenca and Formentera races joined, with slight migration among them. Few external genetic influences from the Spanish mainland breeds were detected.
巴利阿里群岛的绵羊品种，包括马洛卡纳、梅诺卡纳、红马洛卡纳、伊维萨纳以及一个可能的新基因群体福尔门特拉，构成了地中海农业景观中独特的遗传资源，展现出高度的遗传多样性水平，彼此之间以及与大陆绵羊品种都有明显的差异。我们使用了一组微卫星标记来研究遗传多样性以及与其他西班牙品种的关系。本研究报告的结果对巴利阿里群岛绵羊种群的利用、保护和育种具有重要意义。在所检测的微卫星中，巴利阿里群岛绵羊品种平均发现7.59个等位基因。观察到的杂合度平均值为0.62，而预期杂合度值为0.69，这表明存在很大程度的遗传变异性，尽管某些标记检测到杂合子存在显著不足。遗传距离估计表明，巴利阿里群岛绵羊与其他西班牙品种不同，特别是与美利奴类型不同。伊维萨纳品种与其他品种的距离值最高。邻接网络分析方法将红马洛卡纳、梅诺卡纳和马洛卡纳品种聚类在一起。结构分析结果清楚地表明了四个巴利阿里群岛绵羊品种之间的遗传分化，伊维萨纳和福尔门特拉品种聚在一起，它们之间有轻微的基因流动。几乎未检测到来自西班牙大陆品种的外部遗传影响。
