Calabrese V, Dattilo S, Petralia A, Parenti R, Pennisi M, Koverech G, Calabrese V, Graziano A, Monte I, Maiolino L, Ferreri T, Calabrese E J
Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania , Catania , Italy.
Free Radic Res. 2015 May;49(5):511-24. doi: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1020799. Epub 2015 Mar 31.
Basal levels of oxidants are indispensible for redox signaling to produce adaptive cellular responses such as vitagenes linked to cell survival; however, at higher levels, they are detrimental to cells, contributing to aging and to the pathogenesis of numerous age-related diseases. Aging is a complex systemic process and the major gap in aging research reminds the insufficient knowledge about pathways shifting from normal "healthy" aging to disease-associated pathological aging. The major complication of normal "healthy" aging is in fact the increasing risk of age-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and neurodegenerative pathologies that can adversely affect the quality of life in general, with enhanced incidences of comorbidities and mortality. In this context, global "omics" approaches may help to dissect and fully study the cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging and age-associated processes. The proteome, being more close to the phenotype than the transcriptome and more stable than the metabolome, represents the most promising "omics" field in aging research. In the present study, we exploit recent advances in the redox biology of aging and discuss the potential of proteomics approaches as innovative tools for monitoring at the proteome level the extent of protein oxidative insult and related modifications with the identification of targeted proteins.
基础水平的氧化剂对于氧化还原信号传导以产生适应性细胞反应（如与细胞存活相关的维他基因）是必不可少的；然而，在较高水平时，它们对细胞有害，会导致衰老以及许多与年龄相关疾病的发病机制。衰老是一个复杂的系统过程，衰老研究中的主要差距在于对从正常“健康”衰老转变为与疾病相关的病理衰老途径的认识不足。正常“健康”衰老的主要并发症实际上是与年龄相关疾病（如心血管疾病、糖尿病和神经退行性疾病）风险的增加，这些疾病通常会对总体生活质量产生不利影响，同时合并症和死亡率也会增加。在这种背景下，全球“组学”方法可能有助于剖析和全面研究衰老及与年龄相关过程的细胞和分子机制。蛋白质组比转录组更接近表型，比代谢组更稳定，是衰老研究中最有前景的“组学”领域。在本研究中，我们利用衰老氧化还原生物学的最新进展，并讨论蛋白质组学方法作为创新工具在蛋白质组水平监测蛋白质氧化损伤程度和相关修饰以及鉴定靶向蛋白质的潜力。
