Zeb A
Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand , Chakdara , Pakistan.
Free Radic Res. 2015 May;49(5):549-64. doi: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1022540. Epub 2015 Mar 31.
Triacylglycerols (TAGs) are one of the major components of the cells in higher biological systems, which can act as an energy reservoir in the living cells. The unsaturated fatty acid moiety is the key site of oxidation and formation of oxidation compounds. The TAG free radical generates several primary oxidation compounds. These include hydroperoxides, hydroxides, epidioxides, hydroperoxy epidioxides, hydroxyl epidioxides, and epoxides. The presence of these oxidized TAGs in the cell increases the chances of several detrimental processes. For this purpose, several liquid chromatography (LC) methods were reported in their analyses. This review is therefore focused on the chemistry, oxidation, extraction, and the LC methods reported in the analyses of oxidized TAGs. The studies on thin-layer chromatography were mostly focused on the total oxidized TAGs separation and employ hexane as major solvent. High-performance LC (HPLC) methods were discussed in details along with their merits and demerits. It was found that most of the HPLC methods employed isocratic elution with methanol and acetonitrile as major solvents with an ultraviolet detector. The coupling of HPLC with mass spectrometry (MS) highly increases the efficiency of analysis as well as enables reliable structural elucidation. The use of MS was found to be helpful in studying the oxidation chemistry of TAGs and needs to be extended to the complex biological systems.
三酰甘油（TAGs）是高等生物系统中细胞的主要成分之一，可作为活细胞中的能量储存库。不饱和脂肪酸部分是氧化及氧化化合物形成的关键部位。TAG自由基会产生几种主要的氧化化合物。这些化合物包括氢过氧化物、羟基化合物、环氧化物、氢过氧化环氧化物、羟基环氧化物和环氧化物。细胞中这些氧化TAGs的存在增加了几种有害过程发生的几率。为此，在其分析中报道了几种液相色谱（LC）方法。因此，本综述聚焦于氧化TAGs分析中所报道的化学、氧化、提取及LC方法。薄层色谱研究大多集中于总氧化TAGs的分离，并以己烷作为主要溶剂。详细讨论了高效液相色谱（HPLC）方法及其优缺点。结果发现，大多数HPLC方法采用甲醇和乙腈作为主要溶剂的等度洗脱，并配备紫外检测器。HPLC与质谱（MS）联用大大提高了分析效率，还能实现可靠的结构解析。发现MS的使用有助于研究TAGs的氧化化学，且需要扩展到复杂的生物系统中。
