Pediatrics. 2015 Apr;135(4):e1084-96. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-0071.
In recent years, the utilization of diagnostic imaging of the brain and spine in children has increased dramatically, leading to a corresponding increase in the detection of incidental findings of the central nervous system. Patients with unexpected findings on imaging are often referred for subspecialty evaluation. Even with rational use of diagnostic imaging and subspecialty consultation, the diagnostic process will always generate unexpected findings that must be explained and managed. Familiarity with the most common findings that are discovered incidentally on diagnostic imaging of the brain and spine will assist the pediatrician in providing counseling to families and in making recommendations in conjunction with a neurosurgeon, when needed, regarding additional treatments and prognosis.
近年来，儿童脑部和脊柱的诊断影像利用率显著增加，这导致中枢神经系统意外发现的数量相应增加。影像学检查发现意外结果的患者通常需要进行专科评估。即使合理使用诊断成像和专科咨询，诊断过程也总会产生需要解释和管理的意外发现。熟悉在脑部和脊柱的诊断影像中偶然发现的最常见的影像表现，将有助于儿科医生为家属提供咨询，并在必要时与神经外科医生一起就进一步的治疗和预后提出建议。
