Cojocaru Elena, Lozneanu Ludmila, Giuşcă Simona Eliza, Căruntu Irina Draga, Danciu Mihai
Discipline of Histology, Department of Morphofunctional Sciences, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iassy, Romania;
Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2015;56(1):15-9.
Renal cancer represents about 3% of all human malignancies, 96% of cases being sporadic forms and only 4% hereditary. Research in renal tumor pathogenesis is currently oriented on the genetic and proteins framework of the renal cell carcinoma, with the aim to translate the level of knowledge on tumor subtypes from histological to molecular issues, simultaneously with the deciphering of the manner in which the signaling pathways intervene in the pathogenic mechanism. Alterations identified in proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes lead to abnormal and deficient transmission of signal in the signaling pathways, and initiate the carcinogenesis mechanism by increased proliferation of tumor cells. Although it seems obvious that the classic sequence of carcinogenesis is respected at the renal site, unfortunately, the manner in which signaling pathways are involved, in the specific context of renal tumors, is not extensively investigated. This paper assembles recent data in the mainstream regarding the dialogue opened between the molecules in Wnt÷β-catenin, PI3K÷AKT÷mTOR, and HGF÷cMET signaling pathways. The review is also justified by the fact that these molecules may represent potential prognosis markers and÷or therapeutic targets.
肾癌约占人类所有恶性肿瘤的3%，其中96%为散发性病例，仅4%为遗传性病例。目前，肾肿瘤发病机制的研究主要集中在肾细胞癌的基因和蛋白质框架上，目的是将肿瘤亚型的知识水平从组织学层面转化为分子层面的问题，同时解读信号通路在致病机制中的作用方式。原癌基因和肿瘤抑制基因的改变会导致信号通路中信号的异常和缺陷传递，并通过肿瘤细胞增殖增加启动致癌机制。尽管在肾脏部位似乎遵循了经典的致癌序列，但遗憾的是，在肾肿瘤的特定背景下，信号通路的参与方式尚未得到广泛研究。本文汇集了关于Wnt÷β-连环蛋白、PI3K÷AKT÷mTOR和HGF÷cMET信号通路中分子间对话的最新主流数据。这些分子可能代表潜在的预后标志物和÷或治疗靶点，这也证明了本综述的合理性。
