Henshaw Erin J, Fried Rachel, Siskind Emily, Newhouse Linda, Cooper Marie
Denison University, Granville, OH, USA
Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
J Hum Lact. 2015 Aug;31(3):511-8. doi: 10.1177/0890334415579654. Epub 2015 Mar 31.
A link between postpartum mood and breastfeeding has been established in the literature, but little is known about the relationship of breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSE) to breastfeeding and mood outcomes, particularly in primiparous women.
The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the relationship among BSE, mood, and breastfeeding outcomes in primiparous women. A secondary purpose was to explore self-reported reasons for difficult emotional adjustment during the transition to motherhood.
Primiparous women who initiated breastfeeding were surveyed at 2 days, 6 weeks, and 6 months postpartum. Breastfeeding self-efficacy, depressive symptoms, work status, breastfeeding difficulties, partner support, and use of lactation services were included in a hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Women who identified as emotionally distressed provided open-ended responses identifying the main cause of their stress.
High BSE at 2 days postpartum predicted positive emotional adjustment and fewer depressive symptoms at 6 weeks postpartum, as well as more exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months postpartum. Among distressed mothers, breastfeeding concerns were among the most commonly named reasons for stress, along with lack of sleep, lack of social support, and overwhelming learning demands involved with being a new parent.
Breastfeeding perceptions are associated with emotional health and breastfeeding outcomes. Bolstering women's early BSE may be an important goal for multiple dimensions of postpartum health.
产后情绪与母乳喂养之间的联系在文献中已有记载，但关于母乳喂养自我效能感（BSE）与母乳喂养及情绪结果之间的关系，人们了解甚少，尤其是在初产妇中。
本研究的目的是前瞻性评估初产妇中BSE、情绪和母乳喂养结果之间的关系。第二个目的是探讨在向母亲角色转变过程中自我报告的情绪调整困难的原因。
对开始母乳喂养的初产妇在产后2天、6周和6个月进行调查。母乳喂养自我效能感、抑郁症状、工作状态、母乳喂养困难、伴侣支持以及泌乳服务的使用情况被纳入分层多元回归分析。那些认为自己情绪困扰的女性提供了开放式回答，指出她们压力的主要原因。
产后2天的高BSE预示着产后6周时积极的情绪调整和较少的抑郁症状，以及产后6个月时更多的纯母乳喂养。在感到困扰的母亲中，母乳喂养方面的担忧是最常被提及的压力原因之一，此外还有睡眠不足、缺乏社会支持以及初为人母所带来的巨大学习需求。
母乳喂养认知与情绪健康和母乳喂养结果相关。增强女性早期的BSE可能是产后健康多个维度的一个重要目标。
