Wang Hua, Zhou Yiyi, Tang Yang, Wu Mengan, Deng Yanqing
Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Mar 30;12(4):3564-78. doi: 10.3390/ijerph120403564.
A new method, with the non-fully mixed coefficient (NFMC) considered, was put forward to calculate the water environmental carrying capacity (WECC) for huge river-connected lakes, of which the hydrological conditions always vary widely during a year. Poyang Lake, the most typical river-connected lake and the largest freshwater lake in China, was selected as the research area. Based on field investigations and numerical simulation, the monthly pollutant degradation coefficients and non-fully mixed coefficients of different lake regions were determined to explore the WECCs of COD, TN and TP of Poyang Lake in a common water year. It was found that under the hydrological conditions of a common water year the total WECCs of COD, TN and TP in the lake were respectively 181.9 × 104 t, 33.3 × 104 t and 1.86 × 104 t. Due to the varied lake water volume and self-purification ability, an evident temporal fluctuation of WECCs in Poyang Lake was observed. The dry seasons were characterized by a higher NFMCs but lower WECCs owing to the lower water level and degradation ability. Variation coefficients of COD and TN WECC were close to each other, of which the average level was about 58.5%, a little higher than that of TP.
提出了一种考虑非完全混合系数（NFMC）的新方法，用于计算大型通江湖泊的水环境承载力（WECC），这类湖泊的水文条件在一年中变化很大。选择中国最典型的通江湖泊及最大的淡水湖鄱阳湖作为研究区域。基于实地调查和数值模拟，确定了不同湖区的月污染物降解系数和非完全混合系数，以探究平水年鄱阳湖化学需氧量（COD）、总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）的水环境承载力。结果发现，在平水年的水文条件下，湖泊中COD、TN和TP的总水环境承载力分别为181.9×10⁴t、33.3×10⁴t和1.86×10⁴t。由于湖泊水量和自净能力的变化，鄱阳湖的水环境承载力呈现出明显的时间波动。枯水期的特征是具有较高的非完全混合系数，但由于水位较低和降解能力较弱，水环境承载力也较低。COD和TN水环境承载力的变异系数彼此接近，平均水平约为58.5%，略高于TP的变异系数。
