Triantafyllou Areti, Anyfanti Panagiota, Pyrpasopoulou Athina, Triantafyllou Georgios, Aslanidis Spyros, Douma Stella
3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Curr Hypertens Rep. 2015 May;17(5):33. doi: 10.1007/s11906-015-0543-3.
Arterial hypertension represents a leading cause of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity worldwide through its detrimental effects on target organs. Therefore, the early identification and appropriate management of high-risk patients emerges as extremely important. Given that the microvasculature is subject to a series of morphological and functional changes under the continuous effect of high blood pressure, research over the last years has gradually moved toward the identification of specific microcirculatory alterations that may serve as early prognostic markers of cardiovascular risk. Dermal capillaries represent an "open window" for the in vivo study of human microcirculation that has been long used mainly for the study of rheumatic diseases. However, capillaroscopy has been relatively understudied and only recently applied in the field of hypertension. Capillaroscopy represents a forthcoming promising estimate of the microvascular status in hypertensive patients, with capillary rarefaction representing the most typical finding. The present review aims at summarizing available evidence and the main findings, as well as the premises and promises, of capillary rarefaction as a tool for evaluating patients with hypertension.
动脉高血压通过对靶器官的有害影响，成为全球心血管疾病死亡率和发病率的主要原因。因此，早期识别和妥善管理高危患者显得极为重要。鉴于在高血压的持续作用下，微血管会发生一系列形态和功能变化，过去几年的研究已逐渐转向识别特定的微循环改变，这些改变可能作为心血管风险的早期预后标志物。真皮毛细血管是人体微循环体内研究的 “开放窗口”，长期以来主要用于研究风湿性疾病。然而，毛细血管镜检查的研究相对较少，直到最近才应用于高血压领域。毛细血管镜检查是评估高血压患者微血管状态的一种有前景的新方法，毛细血管稀疏是最典型的表现。本综述旨在总结现有证据、主要发现以及将毛细血管稀疏作为评估高血压患者工具的前提和前景。
