Auger Nathalie, Le Serbon Emilie, Rostila Mikael
Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montréal, Canada University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montréal, Canada Institut de Démographie de l'Université Paris 1, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne, Paris, France.
Scand J Public Health. 2015 Jun;43(4):340-7. doi: 10.1177/1403494815577459. Epub 2015 Apr 1.
Sweden and Canada are known for quality of living and exceedingly high life expectancy, but recent data on how these countries compare are lacking. We measured life expectancy in Canada and Sweden during the past decade, and identified factors responsible for changes over time.
We calculated life expectancy at birth for Canada and Sweden annually from 2000 to 2010, and determined the ages and causes of death responsible for the gap between the two countries using Arriaga's method. We determined how population growth, ageing, and mortality influenced the number of deaths over time.
During 2000-2010, life expectancy in Canada caught up with Sweden for men, and surpassed Sweden by 0.4 years for women. Sweden lost ground owing to a slower reduction in circulatory and tumour mortality after age 65 years compared with Canada. Nonetheless, population ageing increased the number of deaths in Canada, especially for mental and nervous system disorders. In Sweden, the number of deaths decreased.
In only one decade, life expectancy in Canada caught up and surpassed Sweden due to rapid improvements in circulatory and tumour mortality. Population ageing increased the number of deaths in Canada, potentially stressing the health care system more than in Sweden.
瑞典和加拿大以生活质量高和预期寿命极长而闻名，但缺乏有关这两个国家对比情况的最新数据。我们测量了加拿大和瑞典过去十年的预期寿命，并确定了随时间变化的影响因素。
我们计算了2000年至2010年加拿大和瑞典每年的出生时预期寿命，并使用阿里亚加方法确定造成两国差距的死亡年龄和死因。我们确定了人口增长、老龄化和死亡率随时间如何影响死亡人数。
在2000 - 2010年期间，加拿大男性的预期寿命赶上了瑞典，女性的预期寿命比瑞典高出0.4岁。与加拿大相比，瑞典65岁以后循环系统疾病和肿瘤死亡率下降较慢，导致其预期寿命优势丧失。尽管如此，人口老龄化增加了加拿大的死亡人数，尤其是精神和神经系统疾病的死亡人数。在瑞典，死亡人数减少。
仅在十年间，由于循环系统疾病和肿瘤死亡率的快速改善，加拿大的预期寿命赶上并超过了瑞典。人口老龄化增加了加拿大的死亡人数，这可能给其医疗保健系统带来比瑞典更大的压力。
