Küchle M, Schönherr U, Dieckmann U
Fortschr Ophthalmol. 1989;86(5):417-21.
A prospective study of preoperative risk factors in extracapsular cataract surgery was undertaken. The study included 2042 planned extracapsular cataract extractions in 1772 patients performed by 12 surgeons between February, 1986 and June, 1988. The possible risk factors to be analysed included sex, age, right or left eye, axial length, pseudoexfoliation syndrome, preceding blunt ocular trauma, diabetes mellitus and systemic hypertension. Capsular breaks occurred in 2.9% and vitreous loss in 1.9% of our patients. A significant increase in the frequency of capsular breaks was observed for patients under the age of 41 and for patients with diabetes mellitus, vitreous loss being observed significantly more frequently in eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome. A slight but insignificant increase in capsular breaks was observed for male patients, left eyes, eyes smaller than 22 mm, pseudoexfoliation syndrome and systemic hypertension. Advanced age, myopia and previous blunt trauma were not found to be significant risk factors for capsular breaks or vitreous loss. We recommend careful preoperative patient examination to identify preoperative risk factors and possibly avoid intraoperative complications.
我们对白内障囊外摘除术的术前危险因素进行了一项前瞻性研究。该研究纳入了1986年2月至1988年6月期间由12位外科医生为1772例患者实施的2042例计划性白内障囊外摘除术。拟分析的可能危险因素包括性别、年龄、右眼或左眼、眼轴长度、假性剥脱综合征、既往钝性眼外伤、糖尿病和系统性高血压。我们的患者中，2.9%发生了囊膜破裂，1.9%发生了玻璃体丢失。41岁以下患者和糖尿病患者的囊膜破裂发生率显著增加，假性剥脱综合征患者的玻璃体丢失发生率显著更高。男性患者、左眼、眼轴小于22mm、假性剥脱综合征和系统性高血压患者的囊膜破裂有轻微但不显著的增加。高龄、近视和既往钝性眼外伤未被发现是囊膜破裂或玻璃体丢失的显著危险因素。我们建议在术前仔细检查患者，以识别术前危险因素，并尽可能避免术中并发症。
