Fabricius E M, Prantl F, Jäger H, Holzer E, Möller A, Greite J H
Fortschr Ophthalmol. 1989;86(5):461-8.
202 patients with HIV infections of different stages [1 (n = 59): symptomless HIV seropositivity, 2 (n = 64): pre-AIDS (LAS = Lymphadenopathy syndrome, ARC = AIDS related complex), 3 (n = 79): AIDS] were prospectively examined. The findings of the first examination were analyzed statistically in a cross-section-study. In 15 AIDS autopsy cases the eyes were examined histopathologically and with immunohistochemical techniques. Patients with stage 1 had only some Sicca syndromes (3%) and neuroophthalmological signs (dyscoria with neurosyphilis) (2%). 14% of the patients with stage 2 had a microvascular retinal syndrome, 11% a Sicca syndrome and 2% neuroophthalmological signs. Among the AIDS patients (stage 3), however, 61% had a microvascular syndrome of the retina, 24% a retinitis resp. choroiditis as an opportunistic infection (in 15% Cytomegalovirus was the causative organism), 16% had neuroophthalmological symptoms, 14% a Sicca syndrome and 5% Kaposi's sarcoma of the eyelids or conjunctiva. The microvascular retinal syndrome was found to be the most sensitive ocular indicator for an advanced stage of HIV infection. Further changes of the anterior eye segments (especially conjunctival vessel abnormalities and precipitates of the corneal endothelium in Cytomegalovirus retinitis) are demonstrated.
对202例处于不同阶段的HIV感染者进行了前瞻性检查[1期（n = 59）：无症状HIV血清阳性；2期（n = 64）：艾滋病前期（LAS = 淋巴结病综合征，ARC = 艾滋病相关综合征）；3期（n = 79）：艾滋病]。在一项横断面研究中对首次检查的结果进行了统计分析。对15例艾滋病尸检病例的眼睛进行了组织病理学和免疫组织化学检查。1期患者仅有一些干燥综合征（3%）和神经眼科体征（伴有神经梅毒的瞳孔异常）（2%）。2期患者中14%有微血管视网膜综合征，11%有干燥综合征，2%有神经眼科体征。然而，在艾滋病患者（3期）中，61%有视网膜微血管综合征，24%有视网膜炎或脉络膜炎作为机会性感染（15%由巨细胞病毒作为病原体），16%有神经眼科症状，14%有干燥综合征，5%有眼睑或结膜卡波西肉瘤。视网膜微血管综合征被发现是HIV感染晚期最敏感的眼部指标。还展示了眼前节的进一步变化（特别是结膜血管异常和巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎中的角膜内皮沉着物）。
