Penault-Llorca Frédérique
Biol Aujourdhui. 2014;208(4):251-9. doi: 10.1051/jbio/2014028. Epub 2015 Apr 3.
Diagnostic strategy of breast cancer has changed enormously during the last thirty years. To classical obligatory morphological data on the macroscopical and microscopical levels are now added imunocytochemistry, which is capable of detecting therapeutic targets such hormonal receptors and HER2 (Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor2), and molecular biology, which yields the molecular profile of tumors and their multigenic properties. By leaning on up-to-date classifications (TNM system and UICC grades), the pathologist is able to evaluate not only diagnostic but also pronostic criteria, leading to personalized and predictive treatments.
在过去三十年中,乳腺癌的诊断策略发生了巨大变化。如今,免疫细胞化学和分子生物学被添加到宏观和微观层面的经典必要形态学数据中。免疫细胞化学能够检测诸如激素受体和HER2(人表皮生长因子受体2)等治疗靶点,分子生物学则可呈现肿瘤的分子特征及其多基因特性。依靠最新的分类方法(TNM系统和国际抗癌联盟分级),病理学家不仅能够评估诊断标准,还能评估预后标准,从而实现个性化和预测性治疗。