Kiejna Andrzej, Piotrowski Patryk, Adamowski Tomasz, Moskalewicz Jacek, Wciórka Jacek, Stokwiszewski Jakub, Rabczenko Daniel, Kessler Ronald
Katedra Psychiatrii UM we Wrocławiu.
Zakład Badań Nad Alkoholizmem i Toksykomaniami IPiN.
Psychiatr Pol. 2015 Jan-Feb;49(1):15-27. doi: 10.12740/PP/30811.
The article presents lifetime (LT) prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) in accordance with the DSMIV classification, based on assessment of representative population sample of 10,081 Poles aged 18-64.
Computer based WHO CIDI3.0 was adapted for the Polish population according to WMH protocol. The survey was performed by certified and supervised interviewers.
Out of the 18 CMDs analyzed the most common was alcohol abuse, significantly more often in males (18.6%) than in women (3.3%), (p<0.01). The second most common disorder was panic, also more frequent in women (8.5%) than in men (3.9%), (p<0.01). Similarly, depression occurred in women (4.0%) two times more often than in males (1.9%), (p<0.01). GAD, agoraphobia, panic, specific phobia (p<0.01), and dysthymia (p<0.05) were also more prevalent in women. On the other hand, alcohol abuse, alcohol and drug dependence (p<0.01), and hypomania (p<0.05) were more common in males. For most analyzed disorders significantly higher prevalence was found in the older age groups. Social phobia, specific phobias, and drug abuse occurred most often in men from the youngest group. No significant differences related to age were found for the prevalence of hypomania both in men and women.
Indices of prevalence obtained in the EZOP Poland study differ from the indices of prevalence of mental disorders described earlier in other countries. Lower values were found in Poland for affective disorders and some anxiety disorders. Only alcohol abuse was diagnosed more often than in other studies using similar methods except Ukraine, where this disorder was diagnosed with similar frequency.
本文基于对10081名年龄在18 - 64岁的波兰代表性人群样本的评估，呈现了符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSMIV）分类的常见精神障碍（CMD）的终生患病率。
基于计算机的世界卫生组织复合国际诊断访谈表第三版（WHO CIDI3.0）根据世界精神卫生调查（WMH）协议进行了波兰人群适应性调整。调查由经过认证和监督的访谈员进行。
在分析的18种常见精神障碍中，最常见的是酒精滥用，男性（18.6%）显著高于女性（3.3%），（p<0.01）。第二常见的障碍是惊恐障碍，女性（8.5%）也比男性（3.9%）更频繁，（p<0.01）。同样，抑郁症在女性（4.0%）中的发生率是男性（1.9%）的两倍，（p<0.01）。广泛性焦虑障碍、广场恐惧症、惊恐障碍、特定恐惧症（p<0.01）和恶劣心境（p<0.05）在女性中也更普遍。另一方面，酒精滥用、酒精和药物依赖（p<0.01）以及轻躁狂（p<0.05）在男性中更常见。对于大多数分析的障碍，在年龄较大的组中发现患病率显著更高。社交恐惧症、特定恐惧症和药物滥用在最年轻组的男性中最常出现。男性和女性轻躁狂患病率在年龄方面均未发现显著差异。
波兰EZOP研究中获得的患病率指数与其他国家先前描述的精神障碍患病率指数不同。波兰情感障碍和一些焦虑障碍的值较低。除乌克兰外，与其他使用类似方法的研究相比，只有酒精滥用的诊断频率更高，在乌克兰该障碍的诊断频率与之相似。
