Department of Social Work and Social Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Psychiatry, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 China.
Asian J Psychiatr. 2015 Feb;13:66-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2014.06.016. Epub 2014 Jul 5.
Suicidal ideation is a common phenomenon in survivors after disaster event.
To identify the change of suicidal ideation, and to test hypotheses concerning the suicidal ideation, depression and PTSD symptoms among adolescent survivors after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China.
The suicidal ideation among high school students at 6, 12 and 18 months after the Wenchuan earthquake were investigated. Subjects included 737 student survivors in an affected high school. The PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) and the Chinese Beck Depression Inventory (C-BDI) were used to measure the symptoms of PTSD and depression.
The rates of suicidal ideation among the adolescent survivors at 6-, 12- and 18-month after the earthquake were 35.6%, 35.6% and 30.7% respectively. Depression symptoms in the 18-month follow-up, suicidal ideations at 6 and 12 months after the earthquake were the independent risk factors of suicidal ideation in the 18-month follow-up. Depression symptoms were the strongest predictor of suicidal ideation after earthquake.
An increased rate of suicidal ideation after the earthquake may be mainly due to depression but not to PTSD symptoms. The disaster-related psychological sequelae and the risk factors of suicidal ideation, especially depression symptoms, should be considered in the mental health services and suicide prevention.
自杀意念是灾难事件后幸存者中常见的现象。
在中国汶川地震后，确定自杀意念的变化，并检验有关青少年幸存者的自杀意念、抑郁和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状的假设。
在汶川地震后 6、12 和 18 个月时调查了高中生的自杀意念。研究对象包括一所受灾高中的 737 名学生幸存者。使用创伤后应激障碍检查表-平民版（PCL-C）和贝克抑郁量表（C-BDI）来衡量 PTSD 和抑郁症状。
地震后 6、12 和 18 个月时，青少年幸存者的自杀意念率分别为 35.6%、35.6%和 30.7%。18 个月随访时的抑郁症状、地震后 6 个月和 12 个月的自杀意念是 18 个月随访时自杀意念的独立危险因素。抑郁症状是地震后自杀意念的最强预测因素。
地震后自杀意念率的增加可能主要是由于抑郁而不是 PTSD 症状。应在心理健康服务和自杀预防中考虑与灾难相关的心理后遗症和自杀意念的危险因素，特别是抑郁症状。
