Becker Annette, Ehlers Katrin
Institute of Botany, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 38, 35392, Gießen, Germany.
Protoplasma. 2016 Mar;253(2):219-30. doi: 10.1007/s00709-015-0812-7. Epub 2015 Apr 7.
Tremendous progress has been achieved over the past 25 years or more of research on the molecular mechanisms of floral organ identity, patterning, and development. While collections of floral homeotic mutants of Antirrhinum majus laid the foundation already at the beginning of the previous century, it was the genetic analysis of these mutants in A. majus and Arabidopsis thaliana that led to the development of the ABC model of floral organ identity more than 20 years ago. This intuitive model kick-started research focused on the genetic mechanisms regulating flower development, using mainly A. thaliana as a model plant. In recent years, interactions among floral homeotic proteins have been elucidated, and their direct and indirect target genes are known to a large extent. Here, we provide an overview over the advances in understanding the molecular mechanism orchestrating A. thaliana flower development. We focus on floral homeotic protein complexes, their target genes, evidence for their transport in floral primordia, and how these new results advance our view on the processes downstream of floral organ identity, such as organ boundary formation or floral organ patterning.
在过去25年甚至更长时间里，关于花器官特征、模式形成和发育的分子机制研究取得了巨大进展。虽然金鱼草花同源异型突变体的收集早在20世纪初就奠定了基础，但正是对金鱼草和拟南芥中这些突变体的遗传分析，在20多年前促成了花器官特征的ABC模型的发展。这个直观的模型开启了以拟南芥为主要模式植物、聚焦于调控花发育的遗传机制的研究。近年来，花同源异型蛋白之间的相互作用已被阐明，并且它们的直接和间接靶基因在很大程度上也已为人所知。在此，我们概述了在理解调控拟南芥花发育的分子机制方面取得的进展。我们重点关注花同源异型蛋白复合物、它们的靶基因、它们在花原基中运输的证据，以及这些新结果如何推进我们对花器官特征下游过程的理解，如器官边界形成或花器官模式形成。
