Egorova Polina, Popugaeva Elena, Bezprozvanny Ilya
Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, St. Petersburg, Russia; Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2015 Apr;40:127-33. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.03.010. Epub 2015 Apr 4.
Neurodegenerative disorders, such as spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) represent a huge scientific and medical question, but the molecular mechanisms of these diseases are still not clear. There is increasing evidence that neuronal calcium signaling is abnormal in many neurodegenerative disorders. Abnormal neuronal calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum may result in disturbances of cell homeostasis, synaptic dysfunction, and eventual cell death. Neuronal loss is observed in most cases of neurodegenerative diseases. Recent experimental evidence supporting the role of neuronal calcium signaling in the pathogenesis of SCAs and AD is discussed in this review.
神经退行性疾病,如脊髓小脑共济失调(SCAs)和阿尔茨海默病(AD),是一个重大的科学和医学问题,但这些疾病的分子机制仍不清楚。越来越多的证据表明,在许多神经退行性疾病中,神经元钙信号是异常的。内质网中神经元钙的异常释放可能导致细胞稳态紊乱、突触功能障碍,最终导致细胞死亡。在大多数神经退行性疾病病例中都观察到了神经元丢失。本综述讨论了支持神经元钙信号在脊髓小脑共济失调和阿尔茨海默病发病机制中作用的最新实验证据。