Manja Veena, Lakshminrusimha Satyan
Department of Internal Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY ; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMasters University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.
Neoreviews. 2014 Dec 1;15(12):e558-e569. doi: 10.1542/neo.15-12-e558.
Selecting the best available preventive and therapeutic measures to avoid disability and death is an important goal for all health care practitioners. To achieve this goal, we need to perform studies that determine the value of these measures. In this article, we discuss the possible study designs that can be used for evaluating new approaches to prevention and treatment. The gold standard study design is a randomized, controlled, double-blind trial. In many instances, a randomized controlled trial may not be ethically or practically feasible. Other study types, such as case series, case-control studies, cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, crossover designs, and open-label studies, may be required to hypothesize and evaluate the link between an exposure or predictor variable and an outcome variable. Various study types pertaining to neonatal-perinatal medicine are reviewed in this article.
选择最佳的预防和治疗措施以避免残疾和死亡是所有医疗从业者的重要目标。为实现这一目标，我们需要开展研究来确定这些措施的价值。在本文中，我们讨论了可用于评估预防和治疗新方法的可能研究设计。金标准研究设计是随机对照双盲试验。在许多情况下，随机对照试验在伦理或实际操作上可能不可行。可能需要其他研究类型，如病例系列研究、病例对照研究、队列研究、横断面研究、交叉设计和开放标签研究，来假设和评估暴露或预测变量与结果变量之间的联系。本文对与新生儿围产医学相关的各种研究类型进行了综述。
