“金冠”苹果的综合虫害管理
Integrated pest management of "Golden Delicious" apples.
作者信息
Simončič A, Stopar M, Velikonja Bolta Š, Bavčar D, Leskovšek R, Baša Česnik H
机构信息
a Department for Agroecology and Natural Resources , Agricultural Institute of Slovenia , Ljubljana , Slovenia.
出版信息
Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill. 2015;8(3):182-9. doi: 10.1080/19393210.2015.1035765. Epub 2015 Jun 10.
Monitoring of plant protection product (PPP) residues in "Golden Delicious" apples was performed in 2011-2013, where 216 active substances were analysed with three analytical methods. Integrated pest management (IPM) production and improved IPM production were compared. Results were in favour of improved IPM production. Some active compounds determined in IPM production (boscalid, pyraclostrobin, thiacloprid and thiametoxam) were not found in improved IPM production. Besides that, in 2011 and 2012, captan residues were lower in improved IPM production. Risk assessment was also performed. Chronic exposure of consumers was low in general, but showed no major differences for IPM and improved IPM production for active substances determined in both types of production. Analytical results were compared with the European Union report of 2010 where 1.3% of apple samples exceeded maximum residue levels (MRLs), while MRL exceedances were not observed in this survey.
2011年至2013年期间对“金冠”苹果中的植物保护产品（PPP）残留进行了监测，采用三种分析方法对216种活性物质进行了分析。对综合虫害管理（IPM）生产方式和改良IPM生产方式进行了比较。结果表明改良IPM生产方式更具优势。在IPM生产方式中检测到的一些活性化合物（啶酰菌胺、吡唑醚菌酯、噻虫啉和噻虫嗪）在改良IPM生产方式中未被发现。除此之外，在2011年和2012年，改良IPM生产方式中的克菌丹残留量较低。还进行了风险评估。总体而言，消费者的长期暴露风险较低，但对于两种生产方式中均检测到的活性物质，IPM生产方式和改良IPM生产方式之间没有显著差异。将分析结果与欧盟2010年的报告进行了比较，欧盟报告显示1.3%的苹果样品超过了最大残留限量（MRL），而本次调查未观察到MRL超标情况。
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