Dumavibhat B, Tiengpitak B, Srinkapibulaya S, Nilakul C, Tuntimavanich S
J Med Assoc Thai. 1989 Oct;72(10):577-82.
The study demonstrated bacterial species on hands and nails of food-handlers before and after hand-washing. Those were Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Micrococcus spp., Bacillus spp., Diphtheroid, Aeromonas hydrophila, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp., Proteus mirabilis, Serratia spp., Citrobacter freundii. Before hand washing, each food-handler harboured one to eight bacterial species. After hand-washing (eight with water from plastic boxes, 97 from pipe water, 57 out of 97 (58.8%) used soap or detergent with water), disappearance of one to four bacterial strains from hands and nails were found in 47.6 per cent of food-handlers. Cultures of water used for washing from eight plastic boxes yielded Staph. spp., Strep. spp., Aeromonas hydrophila, Kleb.pneumoniae, Acinetobacter anitratus, Enterobacter cloacae. From pipe water, Diphtheroid in 4, 4.1 per cent Micrococcus in 1, 1.03 per cent were shown. Comparing bacterial species found in food-handlers with long nails and short nails, 4-8 more species were revealed in the former than the latter for 35.7 per cent. After hand-washing, there was recontamination of bacterial species in 17 food-handlers. This was probably due to dirty napkins or dresses during hand-drying or from water in plastic boxes.
该研究展示了食品处理人员洗手前后手部和指甲上的细菌种类。这些细菌种类包括葡萄球菌属、链球菌属、微球菌属、芽孢杆菌属、类白喉杆菌、嗜水气单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、不动杆菌属、阴沟肠杆菌、大肠杆菌、假单胞菌属、奇异变形杆菌、沙雷氏菌属、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌。洗手前，每位食品处理人员携带1至8种细菌。洗手后（8人用塑料盒中的水洗，97人用自来水洗，97人中有57人（58.8%）洗手时使用了肥皂或洗涤剂），47.6%的食品处理人员手部和指甲上有1至4种细菌菌株消失。对8个塑料盒中用于洗手的水进行培养，结果显示有葡萄球菌属、链球菌属、嗜水气单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌。对自来水进行培养，结果显示有4份（4.1%）检出类白喉杆菌，1份（1.03%）检出微球菌。比较留长指甲和留短指甲的食品处理人员所检出的细菌种类，前者比后者多4至8种，占比35.7%。洗手后，17名食品处理人员的细菌种类出现了再次污染。这可能是由于擦干手时使用的脏餐巾或工作服，或者是塑料盒中的水所致。
