Van Dessel Nele, Swofford Charles A, Forbes Neil S
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003-9303, USA.
Ther Deliv. 2015 Mar;6(3):385-99. doi: 10.4155/tde.14.113.
Bacteria are perfect vessels for targeted cancer therapy. Conventional chemotherapy is limited by passive diffusion, and systemic administration causes severe side effects. Bacteria can overcome these obstacles by delivering therapeutic proteins specifically to tumors. Bacteria have been modified to produce proteins that directly kill cells, induce apoptosis via signaling pathways, and stimulate the immune system. These three modes of bacterial treatment have all been shown to reduce tumor growth in animal models. Bacteria have also been designed to convert nontoxic prodrugs to active therapeutic compounds. The ease of genetic manipulation enables creation of arrays of bacteria that release many new protein drugs. This versatility will allow targeting of multiple cancer pathways and will establish a platform for individualized cancer medicine.
细菌是靶向癌症治疗的理想载体。传统化疗受被动扩散限制，全身给药会导致严重副作用。细菌可通过将治疗性蛋白质特异性递送至肿瘤来克服这些障碍。细菌已被改造以产生直接杀死细胞、通过信号通路诱导细胞凋亡以及刺激免疫系统的蛋白质。这三种细菌治疗模式均已在动物模型中显示出可减少肿瘤生长。细菌还被设计用于将无毒前药转化为活性治疗化合物。基因操作的简便性使得能够创建释放多种新型蛋白质药物的细菌阵列。这种多功能性将允许针对多种癌症途径，并将建立一个个性化癌症医学平台。
