Rodriguez-Grandjean Alfredo, Reininger David, López-Quiles Juan
Department of Oral Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, 3, 28040 Madrid, Spain,
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2015 Jul 1;20(4):e518-24. doi: 10.4317/medoral.20512.
To review the literature that analyses the types and frequency of complications associated with the use of extraosseous alveolar distraction from 2007 to 2013.
Review of the literature in PubMed, using these keywords; alveolar ridge, alveolar distraction osteogenesis, complication, literature review. Inclusion criteria were: articles published between 2007 and 2013 that included the distraction protocol, the complications encountered and the time when they occurred.
According to the above criteria, 12 articles were included in this review, where 334 extraosseous distractors were placed and 395 complications were encountered, of which 19 (4.81%) were intraoperative, 261 (66.07%) postoperative and 115 (29.11 %) were post-distraction. The most common complication was the incorrect distraction vector found in 105 cases (26.58%), in 23 cases (5.82%) there were severe complications, of which 14 (3.54%) were mandibular fracture and 9 (2.27%) were fractures of the distractor elements.
According to this review, although alveolar distraction is a safe and predictable technique, it can cause complications; however, they are usually minor and easily resolved without affecting the treatment outcome.
回顾2007年至2013年期间分析与使用骨外牙槽骨牵张相关并发症的类型和频率的文献。
在PubMed中检索文献，使用以下关键词：牙槽嵴、牙槽骨牵张成骨、并发症、文献综述。纳入标准为：2007年至2013年发表的文章，包括牵张方案、遇到的并发症及其发生时间。
根据上述标准，本综述纳入12篇文章，共植入334个骨外牵张器，出现395例并发症，其中术中并发症19例（4.81%），术后并发症261例（66.07%），牵张后并发症115例（29.11%）。最常见的并发症是105例（26.58%）出现牵张向量错误，23例（5.82%）出现严重并发症，其中下颌骨骨折14例（3.54%），牵张器部件骨折9例（2.27%）。
根据本综述，尽管牙槽骨牵张是一种安全且可预测的技术，但仍可能引发并发症；不过，这些并发症通常较轻，且易于解决，不会影响治疗效果。
