Pridmore Ralph W, Melgosa Manuel
Central Houses P/Ltd, 8c Rothwell Rd, Turramurra, Sydney, NSW, 2074, Australia.
Department of Optics, University of Granada, Granada, E-18071, Spain.
PLoS One. 2015 Apr 10;10(4):e0119024. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119024. eCollection 2015.
This paper reports the research and structuring of a classification system for the effects of psychophysical variables on the color attributes. A basic role of color science is to psychophysically specify color appearance. An early stage is to specify the effects of the psychophysical variables (as singles, pairs, etc) on the color attributes (as singles, pairs, etc), for example to model color appearance. Current data on effects are often scarce or conflicting. Few effects are well understood, and the practice of naming effects after their discoverer(s) is inadequate and can be confusing. The number and types of possible effects have never been systematically analyzed and categorized. We propose a simple and rigorous system of classification including nomenclature. The total range of effects is computed from the possible combinations of three psychophysical variables (luminance, dominant wavelength, purity) and six color attributes (lightness, brightness, hue, chroma, colorfulness, saturation) in all modes of appearance. Omitting those effects that are normally impossible to perceive at any one time (such as four- or five-dimensional colors), the total number perceivable is 161 types of effects for all modes of appearance. The type of effect is named after the psychophysical stimulus (or stimuli) and the relevant color attribute(s), e.g., Luminance-on-hue effect (traditionally known as Bezold-Brucke effect). Each type of effect may include slightly different effects with infinite variations depending on experimental parameters.
本文报告了一个关于心理物理变量对颜色属性影响的分类系统的研究与构建。颜色科学的一个基本作用是从心理物理学角度来界定颜色外观。早期阶段是要明确心理物理变量（单个、成对等）对颜色属性（单个、成对等）的影响，例如对颜色外观进行建模。目前关于这些影响的数据往往稀少或相互矛盾。很少有影响能被充分理解，而且以发现者的名字来命名这些影响的做法并不完善，还可能造成混淆。可能的影响的数量和类型从未被系统地分析和分类。我们提出了一个包括命名法在内的简单而严谨的分类系统。所有外观模式下，影响的总范围是由三个心理物理变量（亮度、主波长、纯度）和六个颜色属性（明度、亮度、色调、彩度、色彩度、饱和度）的可能组合计算得出的。忽略那些在任何时候通常都无法感知的影响（如四维或五维颜色），所有外观模式下可感知的影响总数为161种。影响的类型是以心理物理刺激（一个或多个）和相关颜色属性来命名的，例如亮度对色调的影响（传统上称为贝措尔德－布鲁克效应）。每种类型的影响可能包括根据实验参数而有无限变化的略有不同的影响。
