Necker H P, Weidle E G, Steuhl K P
Abteilung I, Universitäts-Augenklinik Tübingen.
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 1989 Oct;195(4):248-53. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1046450.
Phakoanaphylactic endophthalmitis is a rare but deleterious complication of surgical, traumatic, or spontaneous lens capsule perforation. The authors describe a 79-year-old patient who developed severe endophthalmitis four days after extracapsular cataract extraction and implantation of a posterior chamber lens. The inflammation, which led to phthisis and eventually necessitated enucleation, was characterized by an atypical hypopyon in the form of a conglomerate of fibrin and cellular elements originating at pupillary level. The laboratory workup revealed a chronic lympho-granulomatous inflammation with epitheloid cells and polynuclear giant cells near the lens capsule, confirming the clinical diagnosis of a phakoanaphylactic endophthalmitis. Ten weeks after the cataract extraction a persistent iridocyclitis developed in the fellow eye, which had been free of inflammation up to that point. Hypotonia of the globe, a previous opacification of the first eye, the close chronological relationship with the phakogenic inflammation of the first eye, and clues from the literature suggest a sympathizing phakoanaphylactic endophthalmitis in the fellow eye. Differential diagnosis to rule out other postoperative inflammatory reactions, e.g., bacterial endophthalmitis, toxic lens syndrome, pseudo-phakoanaphylactic endophthalmitis, and sympathetic ophthalmia is described.
晶状体过敏性眼内炎是手术、外伤或自发性晶状体囊膜穿孔引起的一种罕见但有害的并发症。作者描述了一名79岁的患者,该患者在白内障囊外摘除并植入后房型人工晶状体4天后发生了严重的眼内炎。炎症导致眼球萎缩,最终需要摘除眼球,其特征是在瞳孔水平出现由纤维蛋白和细胞成分聚集而成的非典型前房积脓。实验室检查显示晶状体囊膜附近有慢性淋巴细胞肉芽肿性炎症,伴有上皮样细胞和多核巨细胞,证实了晶状体过敏性眼内炎的临床诊断。白内障摘除术后10周,对侧眼出现了持续性虹膜睫状体炎,在此之前该眼一直没有炎症。眼球低眼压、患眼先前的混浊、与患眼晶状体源性炎症的密切时间关系以及文献线索提示对侧眼发生了交感性晶状体过敏性眼内炎。文中描述了排除其他术后炎症反应(如细菌性眼内炎、毒性晶状体综合征、假晶状体过敏性眼内炎和交感性眼炎)的鉴别诊断。