Calabrese Edward J
Department of Public Health, Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
Homeopathy. 2015 Apr;104(2):69-82. doi: 10.1016/j.homp.2015.02.007. Epub 2015 Mar 21.
Hormesis has emerged as a central concept in biological and biomedical sciences with significant implications for clinical medicine and environmental risk assessment. This paper assesses the historical foundations of the dose-response including the threshold, linear and hormetic models, the occurrence and frequency of the hormetic dose response in the pharmacological and toxicological literature, its quantitative and temporal features, and underlying mechanistic bases. Based upon this integrative foundation the application of hormesis to the process of risk assessment for non-carcinogens and carcinogens is explored.
兴奋效应已成为生物和生物医学科学中的一个核心概念，对临床医学和环境风险评估具有重要意义。本文评估了剂量反应的历史基础，包括阈值、线性和兴奋效应模型，药理学和毒理学文献中兴奋效应剂量反应的发生情况和频率、其定量和时间特征以及潜在的机制基础。基于这一综合基础，探讨了兴奋效应对非致癌物和致癌物风险评估过程的应用。
