Zhang Jinhai, Yang Wei, Hu Sen, Lin Yangting, Fang Guangyou, Li Chunlai, Peng Wenxi, Zhu Sanyuan, He Zhiping, Zhou Bin, Lin Hongyu, Yang Jianfeng, Liu Enhai, Xu Yuchen, Wang Jianyu, Yao Zhenxing, Zou Yongliao, Yan Jun, Ouyang Ziyuan
Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;
Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Apr 28;112(17):5342-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1503082112. Epub 2015 Apr 13.
We report the surface exploration by the lunar rover Yutu that landed on the young lava flow in the northeastern part of the Mare Imbrium, which is the largest basin on the nearside of the Moon and is filled with several basalt units estimated to date from 3.5 to 2.0 Ga. The onboard lunar penetrating radar conducted a 114-m-long profile, which measured a thickness of ∼5 m of the lunar regolith layer and detected three underlying basalt units at depths of 195, 215, and 345 m. The radar measurements suggest underestimation of the global lunar regolith thickness by other methods and reveal a vast volume of the last volcano eruption. The in situ spectral reflectance and elemental analysis of the lunar soil at the landing site suggest that the young basalt could be derived from an ilmenite-rich mantle reservoir and then assimilated by 10-20% of the last residual melt of the lunar magma ocean.
我们报告了“玉兔号”月球车对位于雨海东北部年轻熔岩流上的区域进行的探测情况。雨海是月球近侧最大的盆地，其中填充着几个据估计形成于35亿至20亿年前的玄武岩单元。车载月球穿透雷达进行了一次长达114米的探测剖面测量，测得月壤层厚度约为5米，并在195米、215米和345米深处探测到三个下层玄武岩单元。雷达测量结果表明，其他方法对全球月壤厚度的估计偏低，并揭示了最后一次火山喷发的巨大规模。着陆点月球土壤的原位光谱反射率和元素分析表明，年轻玄武岩可能源自富含钛铁矿的地幔储层，然后被月球岩浆海洋最后残留熔体的10%至20%同化。
