儿童先天性心脏病的概况与转归：来自尼日利亚西北部索科托一家三级医疗中心的初步经验

Profile and outcome of congenital heart diseases in children: a preliminary experience from a tertiary center in sokoto, north Western Nigeria.

作者信息

Sani U M, Jiya N M, Ahmed H, Waziri U M

机构信息

Paediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, UDUTH, Sokoto.

出版信息

Niger Postgrad Med J. 2015 Mar;22(1):1-8.

PMID:25875404

Abstract

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) contribute significantly to childhood morbidity and mortality in many developing countries, largely due to late recognition and lack of skill and facilities for definitive intervention. Though data is available from other parts of the country, little is known about the pattern of CHD in the study area. The profile and outcome of CHD among children presenting to Pediatric Department of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto, North Western Nigeria is described.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A prospective study was conducted between 1st September 2011 and 31st August 2013. Study subjects included all children who presented to our hospital and had clinical and confirmed echocardiographic diagnosis of CHD.

RESULTS

A total of 112 children were diagnosed with CHD during the 2-year study period. Male: Female ratio was 1:1.2, with a median age at presentation of 11months. Ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defect (ASD), patent ducuts arteriosus (PDA) and tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) were the most common lesions seen in 48(42.9%), 21 (18.8%), 13 (11.6%) and 11 (9.8%) patients respectively. Five (4.5%) patients had transposition of the great arteries while three (2.7%) had complete atrioventricular septal defect. Less frequent lesions included truncus arteriosus, total anomalous pulmonary venous return, isolated pulmonary stenosis, tricuspid atresia, single atrium, Ebstein anomaly, bicuspid aortic valve and cor triatriatum sinister. Definitive treatment was possible in only 12 (9.8%) patients whereas 15.3% of the patients who had no intervention died.

CONCLUSION

The spectrum of CHD in our series is similar to reports from other centers in Nigeria. Only a few patients could afford definitive treatment abroad, highlighting the need for urgent establishment of well-equipped and functioning cardiac centers across the country.

摘要

目的与目标

在许多发展中国家，先天性心脏病（CHD）是儿童发病和死亡的重要原因，这主要是由于识别延迟以及缺乏进行确定性干预的技术和设施。尽管该国其他地区已有相关数据，但对于研究区域内先天性心脏病的模式了解甚少。本文描述了尼日利亚西北部索科托乌斯曼努·丹福迪奥大学教学医院（UDUTH）儿科收治的儿童先天性心脏病的概况及治疗结果。

材料与方法

于2011年9月1日至2013年8月31日进行了一项前瞻性研究。研究对象包括所有到我院就诊且经临床及超声心动图确诊为先天性心脏病的儿童。

结果

在为期两年的研究期间，共有112名儿童被诊断为先天性心脏病。男女比例为1:1.2，就诊时的中位年龄为11个月。室间隔缺损（VSD）、房间隔缺损（ASD）、动脉导管未闭（PDA）和法洛四联症（TOF）是最常见的病变，分别见于48例（42.9%）、21例（18.8%）、13例（11.6%）和11例（9.8%）患者。5例（4.5%）患者患有大动脉转位，3例（2.7%）患有完全性房室间隔缺损。较少见的病变包括动脉干、完全性肺静脉异位引流、孤立性肺动脉狭窄、三尖瓣闭锁、单心房、埃布斯坦畸形、二叶式主动脉瓣和左房三房心。仅12例（9.8%）患者能够接受确定性治疗，而未接受干预的患者中有15.3%死亡。