Ling Jiying, Robbins Lorraine B, Wen Fujun, Peng Wei
College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2015 Aug;27(3):314-33. doi: 10.1123/pes.2014-0148. Epub 2015 Apr 15.
Comprehensive evaluation of prior interventions designed to increase preschoolers' physical activity is lacking. This systematic review aimed to examine the effect of interventions on objectively measured physical activity in children aged 2-5 years. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. In May 2014, we searched PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ERIC, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane, and Embase. Two reviewers independently identified and appraised the studies. Twenty-four articles describing 23 independent studies and 20 unique interventions met inclusion criteria. Of the 8 interventions resulting in a significant effect in objectively measured physical activity, all were center-based and included a structured physical activity component, 6 included multiple components, 5 integrated theories or models, and 4 actively involved parents. Seven of the 8 were randomized controlled trials. Due to the heterogeneity of the study designs, physical activity measures, and interventions, drawing definitive conclusions was difficult. Although the overall intervention effect was less than optimal, the review indicated that theory-driven, multicomponent interventions including a structured physical activity component and targeting both parents and their children may be a promising approach for increasing preschoolers' physical activity and warrant continued investigation using rigorous designs to identify those that are most effective.
目前缺乏对旨在增加学龄前儿童身体活动的先前干预措施的全面评估。本系统评价旨在研究干预措施对2至5岁儿童客观测量的身体活动的影响。我们遵循系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目声明。2014年5月，我们检索了PubMed、CINAHL、PsycINFO、ERIC、SPORTDiscus、Cochrane和Embase。两名评价员独立识别和评估研究。24篇文章描述了23项独立研究和20项独特干预措施，符合纳入标准。在8项对客观测量的身体活动产生显著影响的干预措施中，所有干预措施均以中心为基础，包括结构化身体活动成分，6项包括多个成分，5项整合了理论或模型，4项积极让家长参与。8项中有7项是随机对照试验。由于研究设计、身体活动测量方法和干预措施的异质性，很难得出明确的结论。尽管总体干预效果不尽人意，但该评价表明，理论驱动的多成分干预措施，包括结构化身体活动成分，并针对家长及其子女，可能是增加学龄前儿童身体活动的一种有前景的方法，值得继续采用严格设计进行研究，以确定最有效的干预措施。
